Performance and Tibia Characteristics of Broilers Fed Diets Containing Raw or Treated Oak Acorn (Quercus Brantii Lindl).

L Ghaedi; M Houshmand; S Parsaei

Author(s)

L Ghaedi Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Yasouj University, Yasouj, Iran

M Houshmand Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Yasouj University, Yasouj, Iran

S Parsaei Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Yasouj University, Yasouj, Iran

Abstract

Using a completely randomized design, a total of 360 one-day-old male and female broiler chicks were allocated to 6 experimental diets with four replicates (15 birds each), to evaluate the effects of raw or treated oak acorn (OA) on the performance and tibia characteristics of broilers. First diet was a corn-based diet (without OA) as the control, while other 5 diets contained 150 g/kg OA (raw or treated with distilled water, acetic acid, sodium hydrogen carbonate (Alkali) and traditional method). Birds were given starter and finisher diets from 1 to 21 and 22 to 42 d of age, respectively. The results indicated that all treatment methods significantly reduced the content of phenolic compounds. Dietary inclusion of raw OA had no deleterious effect on performance and tibia characteristics when compared to the control. Treatment with Alkali caused the highest overall body weight gain while traditional method resulted in worse performance compared to the raw OA. In conclusion, 150 g/kg raw OA could be included in broiler diets, without adverse effects on their performance or tibia characteristics. Chemical treatment, particularly using Alkali, has the potential to reduce the content of phenols and maybe improve the nutritional value of OA.

Publication Details

Page(s) 38-45

DOI DOI not available

Published Journal: Journal of Animal and Plant sciences, Volume: 28, Issue: 1, Year: 2018

Request the full text from PASTIC

Keywords

performance, Treatment, Oak acorn, Tibia characteristic

References

Ahmed , A.E.,R.Smithard,Ellis,,1991,Activities of enzymes of the pancreas, and the lumen and mucosa of the small intestine in growing broiler cockerels fed on tannincontaining diets,Br. J. Nut,65,189,197

AOAC,,1995,Official methods of analysis (16th ed),Association of Official Analytical Chemists,,,

Banda-Nyirenda D.B.C. , and P.,Vohra,,1990,Nutritional improvement of tannin-containing sorghums (Sorghum bicolor) by sodium bicarbonate,Cereal Chem,67,533,537

Bouderoua , K.,J.Mourot,G.Selselet-Attou,,2009,The effect of green oak acorn (quercus ilex) based diet on growth performance and meat fatty acid composition of broilers,Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 6,,,

Bouderoua , K.,G.Selselet-Attou,,2003,Fatty acid composition of abdominal adipose tissue in broilers fed green-oak (Quercusilex), cork oak acorn (Quercus Suber L.) based diets,Anim. Res,52,377,382

Butler , L.G.,D.J.Riedl,D.G.Lebryk,H.J.Blytt,,1984,Interactions of proteins with sorghum tannin: Mechanism, specificity and significance,J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc,61,916,920

Ghaderi , M.,A. SadeghiMahoonak,M.Aalami,M.Ghorbani,M.H.Azizi,,2011,Effect of soaking in water, alkali and acetic acid to remove polyphenol from kernel of two Iranian acorn varieties,Iranian Food Sci. Technol. Res. J. 7,,50,59

Hamou , H., K.,Bouderoua , I. Sisbane,Mourot,,2012,Effect of green oak acorn based diet on performance and fatty acid composition of cooked breast meat,Int. J. Appl. Anim. Sci. 1,,94,101

Hassan , I.A.G.,E.A.Elzubeir,A.H.El Tinay,,2003,Growth and apparent absorption of minerals in broiler chickens fed diets with low and high tannin contents,Trop. Anim. Health Prod,35,189,196

HoushmandM.,F.Hojati,S.Parsaie,,2015,Dietary nutrient manipulation to improve the performance and tibia characteristics of broilers fed oak acorn (Quercus brantii Lindl),Braz. J. Poult. Sci,17,17,24

Jansman , A.J.M.,,1993,Tannins in feedstuffs for simplestomached animals,Nut. Res. Rev. 6,,,

Kaushal , N.A.,B.Singh,,1982,Potentials of (Quercus leucotrichophora) A. Camus ex Bahadur acorns in poultry feed,J. Tree Sci. 1,,120,122

Kekos , D.,B.Kaukios,,1985,Acid hydrolysate of acorn polysacharid as substrates of Candida utilisis growth,Biotechnology,7,345,348

Kyarisiima , C.C.,M.W.Okot,Svihus,,2004,Use of wood ash in the treatment of high tannin sorghum for poultry feeding,S. Afr. J. Anim. Sci,34,110,115

Mahmood , S.,M. AjmalKhan,M.Sarwar,Nisa,,2006,Chemical treatments to reduce antinutritional factors in Salseed (Shorea robusta) Meal: Effect on nutrient digestibility in colostomized pullets and intact broilers,Poult. Sci,85,2207,2215

Mahmood , S.,M. AjmalKhan,M.Sarwar,M.Nisa,W.S.Lee,S.B.Kim,T.Y.Hur,H. J.Lee,H.S.Kim,,2007,Use of chemical treatments to reduce tannins and trypsin inhibitor contents in Salseed (Shorea robusta) meal,J. Anim. Sci,20,1467,

Mahmood , S.,M. AjmalKhan,M.Sarwar,Nisa,,2008,Use of chemical treatments to reduce antinutritional effects of tannins in salseed meal: Effect on performance and digestive enzymes of broilers,Livestock Sci,116,162,170

Makkar , H.P.S.,,2003,Quantification of tannins in tree and shrub foliage. A laboratory manual,FAO/IAEA.,,,

Medugu , C.I.,B.Saleh,J.U.Igwebuike,R.L . Ndirmbita,,2012,Strategies to improve the utilization of tannin-rich feed materials by poultry,Int. J. Poult. Sci,11,417,423

Midilli , M.,Ö.H.Muglali,H.Erol,S. Cak1r,,2008,Shelled acorn seed (Quercus cerris) as a diet ingredient on the performance of growing Japanese Quail,S. Afr. J. Anim. Sci,38,38,42

Monteagudo M.D. , E.R.,Hernandez , C.,Seco , J.,Gonzales-Riola , M.,Revilla , L.F.,Villa,Rico,,1997,Comparison of the bone robusticity index and bone weight/bone length index with the results of bone densitometry and bone histomorphometry in experimental studies,Acta Anatomica,160,199,

Muindi , P.,J. S.Thomke,R.Ekman,,1981,Effect of Magadi soda treatment on the tannin content and in vitro nutritive value of grain sorghums,J. Sci. Food Agric,32,25,34

NRC,,1994,Nutrient Requirements of Poultry,,,,

Nyachoti , C.M.,J.L.Atkinson,S.Lesson,,1996,Response of broiler chicks fed a high-tannin sorghum diets,J Appl. Poult. Res,5,239,245

Ortiz , L.T., C.,Alzueta , J.,Trevino,Castano,,1994,Effects of faba bean tannins on the growth and histological structure of the intestinal tract and liver of chicks and rats,Br. Poult. Sci,35,743,754

Rao S.K.,M.S.West,T.J.Frost,J.I.Orban,M.M.Bryant,S.R.D.A.Roland,,1993,Sample size required for various methods of assessing bone status in commercial leghorn hens,Poult. Sci,72,235,

Rath , N.C.,G.R.Huff,W.E.Huff,J.M.Balog,,2000,Factors regulating bone maturity and strength in poultry,Poult. Sci,79,1032,

Reisenfeld , A.,,1972,Metatarsal robusticity in bipedal rats,Am. J. Phys. Anthropol,40,234,

Saffarzadeh , A.,L.Vincze,Csap,,1999,The effects of different levels of acorn seeds on laying hens performance in first phase of egg production,Acta Agraria Kaposváriensis,3,369,377

SAS,Cary , N.C.,,2005,Statistical Analysis Systems users guide (9th ed.). SAS Institute Inc,,,,

Seedor , J.G.,H.A.Quarruccio,Thompson,,1991,The bisphosphonate alendronate (MK217) inhibits bone loss due to ovariectomy in rats,J. Bone and Min. Res,6,,

Sharif , M.,M.Idrees,N.A.Tauqir,M.A. , Shahzad,M.F.Khalid,M.Nisa,M.Sarwar,M.L.Khan,,2012,Effect of water treatment of sorghum on the performance of broiler chicks,S. Afr. J. Anim. Sci,42,189,194

Shimada , T.,,2001,Nutrient compositions of acorns and horse chestnuts in relation to seed-hoarding,Ecol. Res,16,803,808