There is a growing need to develop and implement more environmentally acceptable processes in the chemical industry. This calls for a paradigm shift from traditional concept of process efficiency (based largely on chemical yield), to one that also considers the economic value of waste reduction and avoiding the use of hazardous substances. To this effect, green chemists all over the world have introduced various greener alternatives such as replacement of hazardous solvents by water or supercritical fluids, minimizing the use of solvents, use of microwave and ultrasound assisted chemical syntheses, reduction of derivatization etc. During the last decade, greener catalysts have also been generated that are not only more efficient than traditional catalysts but are also recycleable and easy to separate from reaction mixture, thus they play their role in improving the greenness of the process. The green chemistry revolution thus not only presents numerous challenges to the researchers but also furnishes an equal number of opportunities to discover and apply new chemistry, to improve the economics of chemical manufacturing and make it more environment friendly.