It is mandatory for the proper management of the respiratory disease in the elderly with fully developed aging process that one should not be satisfied with mere identification of causative pathology but that he should be competent in evaluating the pulmonary function of the subjects. In addition, one must be encouraged to make adequate judgement on the func that he should be competent in evaluating the pulmonary function of the subjects. In addition, one must be encouraged to make adequate judgement on the functional status or presence of complications in other organs. These effort should enable individual physicians to carry out treatment of respiratory disease in the aged with well-balanced considerations to various systemic involvements.