An overview on hyperthyroidism, evaluation and management approach in primary health care centre

Hussain Khalid Almudayni; Rayan Khalid Alhowaish; Basheer Maqbul Alotaibi; Amal Mohammed Alshehri; Abdulhadi Muflih Alqahtani; Sheren Foad Tmraz; Sarah Mohammed Alotaibi; Laila Taha Alrashid; Ibrahim Mohammed Altamimi; Rawiyah Madani Abubaer

doi:10.51847/iwjyN8yxO2

No Detail Found!

An overview on hyperthyroidism, evaluation and management approach in primary health care centre

Author(s)

Hussain Khalid Almudayni Faculty of Medicine, Hail University,Hail, KSA,

Rayan Khalid Alhowaish Faculty of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, KSA

Basheer Maqbul Alotaibi Faculty of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, KSA

Amal Mohammed Alshehri Faculty of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, KSA.

Abdulhadi Muflih Alqahtani Faculty of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, KSA.

Sheren Foad Tmraz Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, KSA.

Sarah Mohammed Alotaibi Faculty of Medicine, Vision college, Riyadh, KSA

Laila Taha Alrashid Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, KSA.

Ibrahim Mohammed Altamimi Faculty of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University, Riadh, KSA

Rawiyah Madani Abubaer Faculty of Medicine, Ibn Sina National College, Jeddah, KSA.

Abstract

Hyperthyroidism is specified by the mass manufacture of thyroid hormone and/or release from the thyroid gland. Thyrotoxicosis is a sickness in which the impacts of an inappropriate enhancement in thyroid hormone on tissues lead to difficulties and systemic symptoms. High thyroid hormone levels cause a hyper metabolic condition that induces multiple systemic manifestations. Managing hyperthyroidism cases is considered a difficult challenge because of the variety of the underlying causes and the variety of the management options. An assessment of publicized literature discussing hyperthyroidism and to equip an adequate analysis of hyperthyroidism, its diagnosis, and management. The following keys were used in the mesh ((“hyperthyroidism"[Mesh]) AND (“management” [Mesh]) OR (“evaluation"[Mesh])). And PubMed database was used for articles selection. Hyperthyroidism is a condition that is commonly overlooked. Maintaining a high suspicion index is important for the primary healthcare physician. Treatment suggestions are based on characteristics diversity, including underlying reason, patient age, disease severity, and comorbidity. The major treatment options are ant thyroid medications (thionamides), surgery, and radioactive iodine. All methods had equal quality of life parameters, but generally, radioiodine was the most cost-effective.

Publication Details

Page(s) 134-139

DOI 10.51847/iwjyN8yxO2

Published Journal: Archives of Pharmacy Practice, Volume: 12, Issue: 2, Year: 2021

Request the full text from PASTIC

Keywords

Hyperthyroidism, Hyperthyroidism, Evaluation, Diagnosis, Management

References

Doubleday AR,Rebecca SS .2019 .. Hyperthyroidism. Gland Surg, 11(1) : 124-35.

Ross DS,Burch HB,Cooper DS,Greenlee MC,Laurberg P,Maia AL .2016 .American Thyroid Association guidelines for diagnosis and management of hyperthyroidism and other causes of thyrotoxicosis. Thyroid, 10(10) : 1343-421.

Golden SH,Robinson KA,Saldanha I,Anton B,Ladenson PW .2009 .Prevalence and incidence of endocrine and metabolic disorders in the United States: a comprehensive review. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 10(6) : 2291-78.

Werhun A,Hamilton W. Thyroid .2015 .function testing in primary care: overused and under-evidenced? A study examining which clinical features correspond to an abnormal thyroid function result. Fam Pract, 10(2) : 187-91.

Flynn RW,MacDonald TM,Morris AD,Jung RT,Leese GP .2004 .The thyroid epidemiology, audit, and research study: thyroid dysfunction in the general population. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 10(8) : 032089-84.

Osuna PM,Udovcic M,Sharma MD .2017 .Hyperthyroidism and the Heart. Methodist Debakey Cardiovasc J, 10(2) : 60-3.

Danzi S,Klein I. .2014 .Thyroid disease and the cardiovascular system. Endocrinol Metab Clin, 02(2) : 517-28.

Vargas-Uricoechea H,Bonelo-Perdomo A,Sierra-Torres CH A .2014 .Effects of thyroid hormones on the heart. Clin Investig Arterioscler, 07(6) : 296-309.

Klein I,Danzi S. .2007 .Thyroid disease and the heart. Circulation, 10(15) : 1725-35.

Klein I,Danzi S. .2015 .Thyroid disease and the heart. Curr Probl Cardiol, 04(2) : 65-92.

Bahn RS,Burch HB,Cooper DS,Garber JR,Greenlee MC,Klein I .2010 .Hyperthyroidism and other causes of thyrotoxicosis: management guidelines of the American Thyroid Association and American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists. Thyroid, 10(6) : 593-646.

Vanderpump MP .2011 .The epidemiology of thyroid disease. Br Med Bull, 10(1) : 39-51.

Villanueva R,Greenberg DA,Davies TF,Tomer Y. .2003 .Sibling recurrence risk in autoimmune thyroid disease. Thyroid, 10(8) : 761-4.

Gozu HI,Lublinghoff J,Bircan R,Paschke R .2010 .Genetics and phenomics of inherited and sporadic non-autoimmune hyperthyroidism. Mol Cell Endocrinol, 02(1-2) : 125-34.

Pearce EN,Farwell AP,Braverman LE.,Thyroiditis. N Engl J Med LE. .2003 .. , 10(6) : 620.

Schwartz F,Bergmann N,Zerahn B,Faber J .2013 .Incidence rate of symptomatic painless thyroiditis presenting with thyrotoxicosis in Denmark as evaluated by consecutive thyroid scintigraphies. Scand J Clin Lab Invest, 10(3) : 240-4.

Sweeney LB,Stewart C,Gaitonde DY .2014 .Thyroiditis: an integrated approach. Am Fam Physician, 90(6) : 389-96.

Carney LA,Quinlan JD,West JM .2014 .Thyroid disease in pregnancy. Am Fam Physician, 89(4) : 273-8.

Fitzgerald PA,Tierney LM,McPhee SJ,Papadakis MA,McGraw-Hill MA .2005 .Current medical diagnosis and treatment. , : 1102-10.

Boelaert K,Torlinska B,Holder RL,Franklyn JA .2010 .Older subjects with hyperthyroidism present with a paucity of symptoms and signs: a large cross-sectional study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 10(6) : 2495-26.

Berta E,Lengyel I,Halmi S,Zrínyi M,Erdei A,Harangi M .2019 .Hypertension in thyroid disorders. Front Endocrinol, 10 : 482.

Dufour DR .2007 .Laboratory tests of thyroid function: uses and limitations. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am, 04(3) : 579-94.

Cappelli C,Pirola I,De Martino E,Agosti B,Delbarba A,Castellano M .2007 .The role of imaging in Graves' disease: a cost-effectiveness analysis. Eur J Radiol, 03(1) : 99-103.

Todd CH .2008 .Management of thyroid disorders in primary care: challenges and controversies. Postgrad Med, 10(1010) : 655-9.

Pearce EN .2006 .Diagnosis and management of thyrotoxicosis. BMJ, 10(7554) : 1369.

Gilbert J .2017 .Thyrotoxicosis-investigation and management. Clin Med, 10(3) : 274-7.

Patel NN,Abraham P,Buscombe J,Vanderpump MP .2006 .The cost effectiveness of treatment modalities for thyrotoxicosis in a UK center. Thyroid, 16(6) : 593-8.

Weetman AP .2000 .Graves' disease. N Engl J Med, 10(17) : 1236-48.

Woeber KA .2000 .Update on the management of hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism. Arch Intern Med, 10(8) : 1067-71.

Allahabadia A,Daykin J,Sheppard MC,Gough SC,Franklyn JA .2001 .Radioiodine treatment of hyperthyroidism-prognostic factors for outcome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 10(8) : 3611-7.

Bartalena L,Marcocci C,Bogazzi F,Manetti L,Tanda ML,Dell'Unto E .1998 .Relation between therapy for hyperthyroidism and the course of Graves' ophthalmopathy. N Engl J Med, 10(2) : 73-8.