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Development and validation of cyber victimization scale

Author(s)
Nida Riaz Department of Psychology, Rawalpindi Women University, Pakistan
Hina Iram Department of Psychology, Rawalpindi Women University, Pakistan
Nazia Iqbal Department of Psychology, International Islamic University Islamabad, Pakistan
Bushra Hassan Department of Psychology, International Islamic University Islamabad, Pakistan
Abstract
Background and objectives. Cyber victimization is one of the current most threatening issues. Ease of access to internet and availability of electronic devices has created a new medium of social interactions. These new ways of communication are not without its misuse and exploitation. The main objective of the present study was to develop an indigenous scale to measure cyber victimization and to determine the reliability validity indices of the measure. Furthermore, gender differences in cyber victimization were also studied. Methods. The study was conducted to develop Cyber Victimization Scale (CVS). Literature review and focused group discussions were held to generate item pool. Initially 50 items were generated. After subjective evaluation by experts 35 items were identified. Scale items were evaluated empirically for content validation and exploratory factor analysis. Sample was college and university students(N=317) both boys (n=138) and girls (n=179). Furthermore, psychometric properties of the scale were established. Test - test reliability, split half reliability and coefficient alpha was used to establish reliability of the scale. The convergent and discriminant validity was established with the help of Cyber Bully/Victim scale (Horzum, 2010). Results. Result indicated that cyber-victimization scale (CVS) is an internally consistent scale. Five factors were identified with principal axis factoring. The CVS showed excellent internal consistency (a=.92) with strong coefficient alphas on the factors ranging from .73 to .90. The scale was proved to be valid and reliable measure for future use. Results also showed that gender differences were also found in cyber-victimization. Conclusion. The results indicate that Cyber Victimization Scale (CVS) is a valid, reliable and a comprehensive instrument to measure cyber victimization in adolescents
Publication Details
Page(s) 1-12
Published Journal: Foundation University Journal of Psychology, Volume: 6, Issue: 2, Year: 2022

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Keywords
Development, Validation, Factor Analysis, Cyber victimization, focused group, convergent discriminant validity.
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