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DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF DYSFUNCTIONAL DAYDREAMING SCALE

Author(s)
Sameera Shafiq Department of Psychology,University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Pakistan
Hajra Zafar Department of Psychology,University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Pakistan
Nazish Khalid Department of Psychology, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Pakistan
Abstract
Objective: To develop a valid and reliable Dysfunctional Daydreaming Scale (DDS). Address for correspondence: Methodology: This study aimed to create the item pool for the DDS and was conducted in three phases. In the Sameera Shafiq second phase, 45 items out of a total of 67 items were selected for administration to a sample of 40 individuals, Department of Psychology, chosen through purposive sampling from Gujrat and Sialkot and ranging in age from 12 to 60 years. In the first University of Gujrat, Gu- phase, semi-structured interviews were conducted with four clinical psychologists and two psychiatrists, as well jrat - Pakistan as ten individuals aged 20 to 60 years. The items were evaluated by five experts in psychology. E-mail: Results: The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin measure of sampling adequacy (KMO=0.924) and Bartlett's test of sphericity sameera.shafiq@uog.edu. (x2=6717.842, p<.001) were satisfactory. The exploratory factor analysis identified two factors, "Escapes" and pk "Emotional Distress," for the DDS with a reliability coefficient of .94 and satisfactory concurrent validity with the MDS (r=.75, p<.01). Conclusions: The DDS is a reliable and valid psychometric test that has been developed locally to evaluate maladaptive thought patterns that may serve as a risk factor for the development of psychiatric disorders.
Publication Details
Page(s) 22-27
Published Journal: Journal of Postgraduate Medical Institute, Volume: 37, Issue: 1, Year: 2023

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Keywords
psychological distress, Fantasy, Defense mechanisms
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