Changes in Subsoil Compaction and Salinity Caused by Tractor Wheels Passes During Tillage Practices Under Diferent Soil Types

Rahim Bux Vistro; Mashooque Ali Talpur; Irfan Ahmed Sheikh; Muneer Ahmed Mangrio; Rajish Kumar Soothar; Mian Noor Hussain Asghar Ali; Imran Ali Dhamach; Muhammd Urs Mirjat; Abdul Saboor Soomro

doi:10.17582/journal.pjar/2022/35.4.644.655

Rahim Bux Vistro Department of Irrigation and Drainage, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, Sindh Agriculture University,Tandojam, Sindh, Pakistan

Mashooque Ali Talpur Department of Irrigation and Drainage, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, Sindh Agriculture University,Tandojam, Sindh, Pakistan

Irfan Ahmed Sheikh Department of Irrigation and Drainage, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, Sindh Agriculture University,Tandojam, Sindh, Pakistan

Muneer Ahmed Mangrio Department of Land and Water Management, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, Sindh Agriculture University,Tandojam, Sindh, Pakistan

Rajish Kumar Soothar Department of Irrigation and Drainage, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, Sindh Agriculture University,Tandojam, Sindh, Pakistan

Mian Noor Hussain Asghar Ali Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science (CAAS)/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China; Department of Farm Structures, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam, Sindh, Pakistan

Imran Ali Dhamach Department of Farm Structures, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, Sindh Agriculture University,Tandojam, Sindh, Pakistan

Muhammd Urs Mirjat Department of Irrigation and Drainage, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, Sindh Agriculture University,Tandojam, Sindh, Pakistan

Abdul Saboor Soomro Department of Land and Water Management, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, Sindh Agriculture University,Tandojam, Sindh, Pakistan

The most important soil parameters for compressed surfaces are aeration, bulk density, and permeability. The experiment was managed in a split-plot design with a randomized complete block design with three replications. Results indicated that cone-penetrometer was used to measure the soil compaction of furrow bottom under without-compaction/control (C1), compaction with three passes of tractor wheel (C2), and compaction with six passes of tractor wheel (C3) treatments for the years 2017-18 and 201819. In the case of clay loam (S1) soil compacted under treatment C3, the compaction was maximum with mean values of 1.23 MPa followed by treatment C2 with 1.09 MPa and C1 with compaction of 0.55 MPa during the 2017-18 Rabi crop season. While, for silty clay loam (S2) soil compacted under treatment C3, the compaction was maximum with mean values of 1.12 MPa followed by treatment C2 with 0.80 MPa and C1 with compaction of 0.42 MPa during the 2017-18 Rabi crop season. Similarly, during the year 2018-19, for diferent dry densities under soil compaction treatments C1, C2, and C3, the soil penetration resistance values were 1.10 MPa, 0.81 MPa, and 0.40 MPa, respectively. The reduction in soil EC1:5 was determined in the without-compaction/control (C1) plots under both cropping years. However, substantial change in the soil EC1:5 was observed in compact treatment three tractor wheel passes (C2) and six tractor wheel passes (C3) plots. Generally, a slight rise in soil EC1:5 was noticed in both C2 and C3 plots over C1 treatment plots for both cropping seasons. Furthermore, a slight change in the soil pH was observed in compact treatment, three tractor wheel passes (C2) and six tractor wheel passes (C3) plots during both the years. Mostly, a slight rise in soil pH was noticed in both C2 and C3 plots over C1 treatment plots. It is also noticeable from the data that compacting the soil with a tractor using three-wheel and six-wheel passes displayed no diference in pH in bed furrow treatment plots. Our findings concluded that the efect of soil compactions on soil EC and pH values were formed slightly increased during both years as compared to without-compaction treatment. Nevertheless, soil EC values were increased with increasing soil depths under C2 and C3 over C1 treatment, while maximum EC values were recorded under furrow plots among all soil depths and soil diferent soil textures. Even though the soil pH was not afected by soil compaction treatments under all soil depths and soil textures during both years.