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Proximat composition, elemental analysis, phytochemical profile and evaluation of anti-bacterial and anti-fungal activity of stem bark of Buckthorn (Rhamnus pentapomica R. Parker)

Author(s)
Yaseen Ur Rehman Department of Botany, Islamia College University, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan; Department of Botany, Higher Education Department (HED), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Arshad Iqbal Department of Botany, Islamia College University,Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa,Pakistan
Muhammad Shuaib School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University,Kunming,China
Abstract
For the reason that antibiotic resistance is on the rise, people rely on conventional medicine for their basic medical requirements. A variety of bioactive chemicals found in medicinal plants can be used to treat multidrug-resistant bacteria. The objective of the study was to test medicinal plant phytochemical and biological assessment collected from District Orakzai named Sarha Wan [Rhamnus pentapomica R. Parker (Qaiser and Nazimuddin 1977)] by determining the proximate nutrient composition, elemental analysis, phytochemical and antimicrobial activity of its stem bark extract and fractions. The antibacterial and antifungal potentials of three dosages were determined using the Well Diffusion technique. The findings revealed that R. pentapomica retained moisture, ash, and nutrients in varying percentages, with a total nutritional value of 151.60 kcal/100 g. which would make it a potential nutraceutical. The examination of its powder sample indicated that it contains considerable amount of calcium, magnesium, iron, potassium, sodium, cobalt, zinc, lead, manganese and cupper. Results illustrates that methanol extract, chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions contained metabolites like carbohydrates, protein, tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids but in butanol fraction glycosides, fatty acid and protein were not detected. The Highest tannin level was found in methanol extract (27.5%) followed by alkaloid (7.5%), sterol (5.5%), flavonoid (3.25%) and saponins (2.5%). The methanol extract, chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions also showed better antibacterial effect at almost all doses than butanol fraction, with MIC values ranging from 125 to 1000 ug/ml. In antifungal activity, it was the chloroform fraction which showed dose dependent result against all the fungal strains at all concentrations. These findings suggest the use of active chemicals extracted from the stem bark of Rhamnus pentapomica, particularly the methanol extract, chloroform, and ethyal acetate fractions, as novel alternatives to the usage of certain drugs and as a substitute supply of antibiotics in pharmaceutical companies.
Publication Details
Page(s) 1067-1083
DOI DOI not available
Published Journal: Bioscience Research, Volume: 19, Issue: 2, Year: 2022

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Keywords
antibacterial, Proximate composition, antifungal activities, Elemental Analysis, phytochemical profile
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