Phytochemical Composition, Antioxidant Activity, Antiproliferative effect and Acute Toxicity Study of Bryonia dioica Roots used in North African Alternative Medicine

Mohammed Bourhia; Fatima Ezzahra Laasri; Kaoutar Aghmih; Riaz Ullah; Ali S. Alqahtani; Hafiz Majid Mahmood; Mohammed El Mzibri; Gmouh Said; Naima Khlil; Laila Benbacer

doi:10.17957/IJAB/15.1329

Mohammed Bourhia Laboratory of Chemistry Biochemistry, Nutrition, and Environment, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco

Fatima Ezzahra Laasri Research Unit and Medical Biology, National Center for Nuclear Energy, Science, and Technology (CNESTEN), Rabat 10001, Morocco; Laboratory of Nutrition, Health and Environnement, Faculty of Science, Ibn Tofail University,Kenitra,Morocco

Kaoutar Aghmih Laboratory REMTEX, Higher School of Textile and Clothing Industries, Casablanca, Morocco ; Laboratory GeMEV, Faculty of Sciences Ain Chock, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco

Riaz Ullah Department of Pharmacognosy (Medicinal Aromatic and Poisonous Plants Research Center), College of Pharmacy, King Saud University,P. O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451,Saudi Arabia

Ali S. Alqahtani Department of Pharmacognosy (Medicinal Aromatic and Poisonous Plants Research Center), College of Pharmacy, King Saud University,P. O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451,Saudi Arabia

Hafiz Majid Mahmood Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University,P. O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451,Saudi Arabia

Mohammed El Mzibri Research Unit and Medical Biology, National Center for Nuclear Energy, Science, and Technology (CNESTEN), Rabat 10001, Morocco

Gmouh Said Laboratory of Engineering and Materials LIMAT, Faculty of Sciences Ben M'Sik, University Hassan II,Casablanca, B. P. 7955,Morocco

Naima Khlil Laboratory of Chemistry Biochemistry, Nutrition, and Environment, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco

Laila Benbacer Research Unit and Medical Biology, National Center for Nuclear Energy, Science, and Technology (CNESTEN), Rabat 10001, Morocco

Bryonia dioica (B. dioica) belongs to the Cucurbitaceae family. It is widely used in folk medicine for disease treatment. The current work was conducted to investigating the phytochemical composition, total polyphenolic and flavonoids contents, antioxidant activity, antiproliferative effect and acute toxicity of methanolic extract of B. dioica roots. Phytochemical composition of B. dioica roots was performed using GC-MS. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using DPPH assay. Antiproliferative effect against human cancer cell lines (T-24, HT-29, and HepG-2) was studied using WST-1 assay, and the acute toxicity was assessed with oral administration to mice. Phytochemical composition of the studied plant roots showed the presence of interesting phytoconstituents. The extract showed an important rate of total polyphenolic and flavonoid contents 430.643 ± 23.578 mg GAE/g, 7.216 ± 0.329 mg QE/g respectively. The studied extract possessed an important DPPH activity with an IC50 value estimated at 0.975 ± 0.064 mg/mL. The plant extract also demonstrated a promising antiproliferative activity against T-24, HT-29 and Hep G-2, with an IC50 of 14±3 µg/mL, 48 ± 4 µg/mL, and 18 ±2 µg/mL respectively. Regarding acute toxicity results, the percentage of mortality extended to 100%. The current finding reported that the B. dioica roots possess interesting phytoconstituents consolidating free radical scavenging activities and antiproliferative effects without ignoring their toxic effect.