Endothelial Dysfunction: a Cardiovascular Risk Factor.

Naqab Khan; Najma Bibi; Zahid Rasul Niazi; Kifayatullah Shah; Syed Azhar Sherazi; Samiullah Khan

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Endothelial Dysfunction: a Cardiovascular Risk Factor.

Author(s)

Naqab Khan Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University,

Najma Bibi Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, DHQ Teaching Hospital,

Zahid Rasul Niazi Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University D.I Khan

Kifayatullah Shah Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University,

Syed Azhar Sherazi Department of Cardiology, DHQ Teaching Hospital,

Samiullah Khan Gomal Center of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan

Abstract

Endothelium is one of the largest organ by area and consist of at least one trillion endothelial cells having more than 100 gram weight and covering more than 3000 square meters area in an adult human body. Endothelium interacts with most of the body systems and is implicated in end organ diseases particularly the cardiovascular. The endothelium maintains vascular tone by precisely regulating the vasodilatation and vasoconstriction while effectively providing the adequate supply of blood to the target organs. Factors that affect the endothelium and subsequently cardiovascular system include hypertension, smoking, obesity, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, poor dietary habits and physical inactivity. Endothelial dysfunction is strongly associated with cardiovascular risk factors such as atherosclerosis, elevated level of low density lipoprotein oxidation, cytokine elaboration, up regulation of adhesion molecules, increased cell permeability, platelet aggregation as well as proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscles. Endothelial dysfunction is a pathophysiological term used to indicate diminished production of nitric oxide and an imbalance in endothelial derived contraction and relaxation.

Publication Details

Page(s) 27-30

DOI DOI not available

Published Journal: Gomal Journal of Medical Sciences, Volume: 16, Issue: 1, Year: 2018

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