A pilot investigation was conducted to make the rural-urban comparisons of diabetic prevalence in Islamabad. Out of 1550 subjects aged between 20 to 70, 2.9% were diabetics in the rural population. Of these examined 1.3% were previously known diabetics and 1.6% were newly diagnosed diabetics. In urban population of 1500 subjects aged between 20 to 60, 4.9% were diabetics. Only 3.4% were known cases and 1.596 were newly diagnosed diabetics. The prevalence of diabetes in urban population was almost two times than the rural. While the urban males and females were more obsese than their rural counterparts, the difference in prevalence rate could not be wholly explained on this basis. The percentage of diabetic subjects was more in urban population. The results suggest that apart from age and obesity other factors e.g. difference in diet, physical activity or stress may participate in causing_ this disease in urban population.