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Aqueous lyophilisate of Malvaviscus arboreus Dill. Ex Cav. leaves exerts antiepileptogenic properties via a modulation of neuroinflammation, GABAergic neurotransmission and oxidative stress in rats.
Author(s)
Maxwell Blesdel Adassi Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Maroua, Cameroon
Gwladys Temkou Ngoupaye Animal physiology and phytopharmacology research unit, University of Dschang, Cameroon
Aurelien Fossueh Foutsop Animal physiology and phytopharmacology research unit, University of Dschang, Cameroon
Francis Bray Yassi Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Ngaoundéré, Cameroon
Tatiana Diebo Kom epartment of Biological sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Maroua, Cameroon
Stephanie Gabriella Dongmo Tonleu Animal physiology and phytopharmacology research unit, University of Dschang, Cameroon
Adolphe Petsou Animal physiology and phytopharmacology research unit, University of Dschang, Cameroon
Elisabeth Ngo Bum Department of Biological sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Maroua, Cameroon
Abstract
Background: Epilepsy remains one of the most challenging neurological disorders worldwide. The present study thus aimed to evaluate the antiepileptogenic properties of Malvaviscus arboreus (M. arboreus) in rats.Methodology: Apart from the vehicle, animals were challenged with pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) (70mg/kg). All the challenged animals were later divided into the treatment groups (negative control, valproate 300 mg/kg, M. arboreus 122.5, 245 and 490 mg/kg). Except the vehicle, all the other groups were subjected to kindling PTZ, consisting of repeated administration of PTZ at a dose of 35 mg/kg every other day. The percentage of protection against seizure, the seizure progression and the seizure severity were assessed. TNF-a, IL-1ß, MMP-9 and IL-10 levels were assessed using ELISA. GABA level, GABA transaminase activity and oxidative stress makers were assessed using spectrophotometric assay and histological analysis using cresyl-violet staining. Results: Results showed that extract of M. arboreus at 245 mg/kg significantly increased the number of injections needed to reach the kindled state (p<0.001), and protected animals against the development of epilepsy (P<0.001). Moreover, the lyophilisate significantly decreased the GABA transaminase activity (p<0.01), the levels of TNFa (P<0.001), IL-1ß (P<0.001), MMP-9 (P<0.001) and Malondialdehyde (P<0.05); and significantly increased the level of GABA (p<0.05), IL-10 (P<0.001), Reduced Glutathione (p<0.001) and Catalase (p<0.001).It also preserved the architecture of the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus and prevented necrosis of neurons. Conclusion: The aqueous lyophilisate of the leaves of M. arboreus possess antiepileptogenic properties and could therefore be of great benefit in the alternative and complementary therapy of epilepsy.
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Published Journal: Abstract Book on 9th Annual Neuroscience Conference (ANC-23) August 12-13, 2023 , Volume: 0, Issue: 0, Year: 2023
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