PCR-based Detection and Prevalence of Theileria Species in Sheep from Quetta District, Balochistan | [Proceedings of the Pakistan Academy of Sciences: B. Life and Environmental Sciences • 2024]

Author(s):

1. Nabeela Tariq: Department of Zoology, Sardar Bahadur Khan Women’s University, Quetta, Pakistan; Department of Biotechnology, Sardar Bahadur Khan Women’s University, Quetta, Pakistan

2. Maria Khan: Department of Zoology, Sardar Bahadur Khan Women's University,Quetta,Pakistan

3. Tahreem Shaikh: Department of Biotechnology, Sardar Bahadur Khan Women's University,Quetta,Pakistan

4. Zil e Huma: Department of Zoology, Sardar Bahadur Khan Women's University,Quetta,Pakistan

5. Shakeela Daud: Department of Biotechnology,BUITEMS, Quetta,Pakistan

Abstract:

Theileriosis is a serious hemoparasitic illness that severely limits the production of small ruminants. The current study aims for early and accurate detection of theileriosis using polymerase chain reaction for treatment as conventional techniques are not specific. Blood samples were collected from sheep between July and October of the year 2020. A total of 100 samples were taken, 69 samples were from tick-infested sheep exhibiting illness signs, while 31 samples were from tick-free sheep. To detect Theileria species in sheep, DNA was extracted, and the PCR method was used. The prevalence of T. lestoquardi and T. ovis was 22.47% and 64.04%, respectively, with a 13.48% frequency of mixed infection with both species. T. ovis was detected in around 80% of tick-infested sheep, indicating a significant association (P < 0.01) with ticks. T. lestoquardi was found in 28.99% of tick-infested sheep, indicating a significant connection (P < 0.001) with ticks. The incidence of T. ovis was significantly related to the summer season but T. lestoquardi was non-significantly related to the summer season (P > 0.05). A high prevalence of Theileriosis is found in Quetta. The parameters studied were strongly correlated to the infection except for T. lestoquardi with the summer season. Early detection with the help of polymerase chain reaction can accelerate treatment and reduce transmission to increase livestock production in Pakistan.

Page(s): 29-34

DOI: 10.53560/PPASB(61-1)800

Published: Journal: Proceedings of the Pakistan Academy of Sciences: B. Life and Environmental Sciences, Volume: 61, Issue: 1, Year: 2024

Keywords:

sheep , Pakistan , Balochistan , Quetta , Theileria species

References:

[1] GOP. Pakistan Economic Survey ,Kakar M.A.,Raziq A.,Haq K.M.,Faqir M. .2022 .. , 22 : .

[2] .2008 .Trends and potential in dairy production of Balochistan province. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Research, 45(2) : 259-262.

[3] .2030 .. Government of Balochistan. Balochistan Livestock Policy and Strategy, : .

[4] Livestock ,pdf M.,Fatima S.,Saeed R.S.,Shaikh M.,Ali F. .2019 .s t o c k . g o b . p k / D o c u m e n t s / I n i t i a t i v e s /. Notif346CamScanner06-02-202109, : .

[5] Iqbal .2015 .A Study on molecular detection of Theileria lestoquardi by PCR amplification in apparently healthy small ruminants from Five Districts of Southern Punjab. Pakistan Journal of Zoology, 47(2) : 441-446.

[6] .2002 .. , : .

[7] Cabezas-Cruz ,Jabbar A. .2020 .Systematic review of ticks and tick-borne pathogens of small ruminants in Pakistan. Pathogens, 937(11) : .

[8] Mans B.J.,Pienaar R..,Latif A.A. .2015 .A review of Theileria diagnostics and epidemiology. International Journal for Parasitology, 4(1) : 104-118.

[9] Riaz M.,Tasawar Z. .2017 .A Study on Molecular Diagnosis of Theileria Species Infection by PCR Amplification in Sheep and Goats in Multan, Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research Series B: Biological Sciences, 60(1) : 36-45.

[10] Bishop R.,Musoke A.,Skilton R.,Morzaria S.,Gardner M.,Nene V.,Bowman Control. A.S.,Nuttall P.A. .2008 .Life cycle stages associated with the ixodid tick vector. In Ticks: Biology, : 308-324.

[11] M. Zaeemi H.,Haddadzadeh P.,Khazraiinia B.,Kazemi M.,Bandehpour M. .2011 .Identification of diferent Theileria species (Theileria lestoquardi, Theileria ovis, and Theileria annulata) in naturally infected sheep using nested PCR-RFLP. Parasitology Research, 108(4) : 837-843.

[12] Clift S.J.,Collins N.E.,Oosthuizen M.C.,Steyl J.C.A.,Lawrence J.A.,Mitchell E.P. .2020 .The Pathology of Pathogenic Theileriosis in African Wild Artiodactyls. Veterinary Pathology, 57(1) : 24-48.

[13] Theileriosis .2020 .OIE Manual of Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals (. , : .

[14] J. Grimberg S.,Nawoschik L.,Belluscio R.,McKee A.,Turck A.,Eisenberg A. .1989 .A simple and eficient non-organic procedure for the isolation of genomic DNA from blood. Nucleic Acids Research, 17(20) : 8390-8390.

[15] M. Aktas N.,Dumanli B.,Çetinkaya B.,Çakmak A. .2002 .Field evaluation of PCR in detecting Theileria annulata infection in cattle in eastern Turkey. Veterinary Record, 150(17) : 548-549.

[16] Altay K.,Aktaş M.,Dumanli N. .2007 .Theileria infections in small ruminants in the east. southeast Anatolia Türkiye Parazitoloji Dergisi, 31(4) : 268-271.

[17] M. Riaz Z.,Tasawar M. Z.,Ullah M. Z. .2017 .A Study on Molecular Prevalence, Intensity and Associated Risk Factors for Ovine and Caprine Theileriosis from Southern Punjab, Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Life and Social Sciences, 15(3) : 150-157.

[18] A.Z. Durrani M.,Younus N.,Kamal N.,Mehmood N.,Shakoori A. R. .2011 .Prevalence of Ovine Theileria Species in District Lahore, Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Zoology, 43(1) : 57-60.

[19] M.A. Khan M.A.,Khan M.S.,Khan A.A.,Anjum A.Z.,Durrani K.,Hameed I.U.,Kakar A.,Wajid M.,Ramazan M.,Rafiuddin M. .2017 .Risk factors assessment and molecular characterization of Theileria in small ruminants of Balochistan. Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences, 27(4) : 1190-1196.

[20] B.M. Heidarpour H.R.,Haddadzadeh B.,Kazemi P.,Khazraiinia M.,Bandehpour M.,Aktas M. .2009 .Molecular identification of ovine Theileria species by a new PCR-RFLP method. Veterinary Parasitology, 161(3-4) : 171-177.

[21] Heidarpour M. .2013 .Molecular detection of Theileria spp in sheep and vector ticks in Fasa and Kazeroun areas. Fars Province, Iran. Archives of Razi Institute, 68(2) : 159-164.

[22] M. Aktaş K.,Altay N.,Dumanli N. .2005 .Survey of Theileria parasites of sheep in eastern Turkey using polymerase chain reaction. Small Ruminant Research, 60(3) : 289-293.

[23] Altay K.,Aktaş M.,Dumanli N. .2007 .Theileria infections in small ruminants in the east and southeast Anatolia. Turkish Society for Parasitology, 31(4) : 268-271.

[24] Altay K.,Dumanli N.,Aktas M. .2012 .A study on ovine tick-borne hemoprotozoan parasites (Theileria and Babesia) in the East Black Sea Region of Turkey. Parasitology Research, 111(1) : 149-153.

[25] Hosseini A.M.,Bahrami M.,Razmjo M. .2013 .Theileriosis in Grazing Sheep and its Interrelation with the Reptiles Ticks. Global Veterinaria, 10(5) : 599-606.

[26] Saqib M.,Athar M.,Khan M.,Asi M. .1999 .Clinico-Epidemiological and Therapeutic Aspects of Bovine Theileriosis. Pakistan Veterinary Journal, 19(2) : 64-71.

[27] Hegab A.A.,M.M. Fahmy O.A.,Mahdy O.A.,Wahba A.A. .2016 .Parasitological and molecular identification of Theileria Species by PCR-RFLP Method in Sheep, Egypt. International Journal of Advanced Research in Biological Sciences, 3(7) : 48-55.

[28] Saeed S.,Jahangir M.,Fatima M.,Shaikh R.S.,Khattak R.M.,Ali M.,Iqbal F. .2015 .PCR based detection of theileria lestoquardi in apparently healthy sheep and goats from two districts in khyber pukhtoon khwa (Pakistan). Tropical Biomedicine, 32(2) : 225-232.

[29] Iqbal F.,Khattak R.M.,Ozubek S.,Khattak M.N.K.,Rasul A.,Aktas M. .2013 .Application of the reverse line blot assay for the molecular detection of Theileria and Babesia sp. in sheep and goat blood samples from Pakistan. Iranian Journal of Parasitology, 8(2) : 289-295.

Citations

Downloads

Views