Author(s):
1. Sidra Sanam:
Department of Basic and Applied Zoology, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University Sheringal, Dir Upper, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
2. Kamran Khan:
Department of Basic and Applied Zoology, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University Sheringal, Dir Upper, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Abstract:
Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease caused by the gram-negative, intracellular bacterium Brucella. Although endemic in Pakistan, data on its prevalence, risk factors, and diagnostic accuracy remain limited. This study assessed the prevalence of brucellosis, identified associated risk factors, and evaluated the performance of diagnostic tests in local communities of District Dir Upper, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. A total of 345 suspected individuals were investigated. Blood samples and structured questionnaires were collected to document socio-demographic information and potential exposures. To evaluate diagnostic performance, 50 culture-confirmed positive cases and 50 negative controls were tested using the Enzyme-Linked Immuno sorbent Assay (ELISA)and Serum Plate Agglutination Test (SPAT). The overall prevalence of brucellosis was 17.1% (59/345). Females showed a slightly higher prevalence (17.58%) than males (16.56%), with the highest rate in individuals aged = 20years (32.5%). Significant risk factors included animal contact (p = 0.0075) and raw milk consumption (p < 0.001). ELISA demonstrated higher diagnostic accuracy, with a sensitivity of 94.0% and specificity of 98.0%, compared to SPAT (sensitivity: 92.0%, specificity: 96.0%). These findings confirm that brucellosis remains a public health concern in the region. ELISA is a more reliable diagnostic tool than SPAT. Broader studies are needed to validate these results and guide prevention and control strategies in endemic communities.
Page(s):
107-107
DOI:
DOI not available
Published:
Journal: 1st International Conference on "Recent Advances in Green Biotechnology and Climate Resilience", September 15-16, 2025, Volume: 1, Issue: 1, Year: 2025
Keywords:
prevalence
,
Elisa
,
Pakistan
,
Risk Factors
,
Brucellosis
,
zoonotic disease
,
SPAT
,
Brucella spp
References:
References are not available for this document.
Citations
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