Abstract:
Nanofiltration membrane (NF) is one of the most important activities employed in the wastewater treatment field. Characteristics of NF fall between UF and RO, and function by both pore-size flow (convective) and the solution-diffusion mechanisms. NF technique is used in a variety of water and wastewater treatment (WWT) in different industrial applications. The selected rural area for the study is the Khyber Agency. NF’s main job in this research is to selectively remove ions and organic substances from the water of Khyber Agency areas to provide attainable water in tribal areas and to illustrate the main applications of the NF process in water reuse, producing clean water, WWT as tertiary treatment, water softening, and desalination field comparisons of basic economic analyses with other alternative processes in profitability is also performed. This will not only summarize the removal of target major pollutants (e.g., hardness, pathogen, and natural organic matter), but also paid attention to the removal of micropollutants of major concern. Outlook and perspectives on membrane fouling control, chlorine resistance, integrity, and selectivity are also discussed to provide potential insights for the future development of high-efficiency NF membranes for stable and reliable drinking water treatment. Commercial NF membranes are thin-film composite (TFC) membranes, made of a polyamide (PA) barrier layer synthesized by the interfacial polymerization (IP) on top of an ultrafiltration membrane. The membrane will allow flow up to 7 bar and will show a high rejection of divalent SO4 2- ions. The Mg2+ ion follows the same rejection trend as that of SO4 2- ions to maintain the zero-charge density. The rejection of monovalent K1+ is less than that of all the other ions. NF membrane shows a high rejection for microbial pollutants, but these contaminants will cause degradation to the membrane surface.
Page(s):
0-0
DOI:
DOI not available
Published:
Journal: Sixth International Conference on Sustainability in Process Industries (SPI) 19-20 Octover 2022 (Book of Abstracts), Volume: 0, Issue: 0, Year: 2022