Abstract:
Waste frying oil was purified by screening and treatment with fuller’s earth and activated carbon. The resulting oil was found to have density 0.913 g/cm3, refractive index 1.4722, kinematic viscosity 41.2 mm2 /sec, saponification value 189.7 mg/g, acid value 8.98 mg/g, iodine value 50.8 g I/100g oil and peroxide value 29.7 mEq/kg. The biodiesel was synthesized from the bleached oil under acidic, basic and two step acid-base catalysis using methyl alcohol for transesterification process. The average yield from basic catalysts was 90%, from acidic catalyst 93% and in two step acid base catalysis it was 95.8%. The crude biodiesel was distilled under vacuum to obtain pure methyl fatty esters (biodiesel). The fuel characteristics of biodiesel produced and also that of petrodiesel for comparison were determined according to ASTM D6751-07 and found to have density (0.884, 0.841 g/cm3), refractive index (1.4673, 1.4831), kinematic viscosity (5.43, 3.86 mm2 /sec), flash point (124o, 84 o C), calorific value (19466, 22873 cal/g), cloud point (4 o,- 2.2 oC) and pour point (-3.5 o, -11.5 oC) respectively. Blend of biodiesel in petrodiesel were prepared and their fuel properties were also found out. A gradual shift of different values from biodiesel to petrodiesel was observed as the percentage of petrodiesel in biodiesel was increased form 20 to 80%.
Page(s):
206-211
DOI:
DOI not available
Published:
Journal: Pakistan Journal of Science, Volume: 63, Issue: 4, Year: 2011