A simple method of estimating emission inventory of primary air pollutants. | [Science International • 2004]

Author(s):

1. M. T. Javed: Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences P.O. Nilore Islamabad, Pakistan

2. N. Irfan: Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences P.O. Nilore Islamabad, Pakistan

3. M. H. Inayat: Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences P.O. Nilore Islamabad, Pakistan

4. M. A. Tahir: Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences P.O. Nilore Islamabad, Pakistan

5. I. R. Chughtai: Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences P.O. Nilore Islamabad, Pakistan

Abstract:

In a developing country like Pakistan, the major air pollution problems are typically high levels of Smoke, Particulate Matter, Nitrogen Oxides and Sulfur Oxides. These arise from the combustion of fossil fuels containing sulfur and nitrogen content bonded chemically with the fuel. During combustion, Nitrogen Oxides may also be emitted due to high temperature dissociation of atmospheric nitrogen. Various energy consumption sectors are major contributors that are responsible to increase in the concentration of these contaminants in atmosphere. In addition other pollutants such as carbon monoxide (CO), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) also have an increasing impact on air quality. Subsequent photochemical reactions initiated by nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and UHCs from vehicles lead to the formation of ozone and Peroxy-acetyl-nitrate compounds (PAN) and formation of other secondary pollutants that further degrade the visibility and air quality of the urban atmosphere. In this paper a simple method of estimating emission inventories of primary atmospheric pollutants in developing country, where key data is unavailable, like Pakistan is presented. These estimates are based upon total consumption and average ultimate analysis of the fossil fuels employed. The probable health effects related to different pollutant are also presented. Moreover, the ambient concentrations of these atmospheric pollutants as observed by various investigations conducted in Pakistan and other nearby countries in the region are also discussed. The latest international Air Quality Standards and limits as promulgated by Environmental Protection Agencies are also elaborated.

Page(s): 179-182

DOI: DOI not available

Published: Journal: Science International, Volume: 16, Issue: 3, Year: 2004

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