A clinicodemographic study of lepra reaction in patients attending dermatology department of a tertiary care hospital in Eastern India. | [Journal of Pakistan Association of Dermatologists • 2015]

Author(s):

1. Avijit Mondal: Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine and JNM Hospital, Kalyani

2. Kalyani Piyush Kumar: Department of Dermatology, Katihar Medical College and Hospital, Bihar, India

3. Bihar Nilay K Das: Department of Dermatology, Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata

4. Pijush K Datta: Department of Dermatology, Mata Gujri Memorial Medical College, Bihar, India

5. Kishanganj Avijit Mondal:

6. Piyush Kumar:

7. Nilay K Das:

8. Pijush K Datta: Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine and JNM Hospital, Kalyani

Abstract:

Objective To find the relative prevalence of lepra reactions among leprosy patients attending Dermatology out-patient department; the pattern of reactions in different types of leprosy and histopathological features of reaction. Methods The study was an institution-based; longitudinal study. A total 316 leprosy cases attended the Dermatology out-patient department (OPD) of a tertiary care hospital in Eastern India. Results Out of 316 leprosy patients; 58 (18.4%) were diagnosed to have lepra reactions and relative prevalence of type 1 and type 2 reaction was 10.4% and 7.9%; respectively. Among 58 patients; 50 fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were considered for final evaluation. Lepra reactions were common in patients over 30 years of age. There was a high male preponderance and the male to female ratio was 4.5:1. More than 60% of the patients belonged to the below poverty line. Farmers and laborers were more affected. Almost 62% of the patients were literates but most of them had primary education only. Type 1 reaction was more common in BT patients (50%); whereas type 2 reaction were more commonly seen in LL patients (32%). Erythema and swelling of the skin lesions; neuritis and edema of hands and feet were common features of type 1 reaction. Fresh crops of tender evanescent nodules; joint pain; neuritis and fever were common in type 2 reaction. Classical histopathological features were present in all the 50 slides examined. In type 1 reaction patients; lymphocytic infiltration (96%); dermal edema (93%); epithelioid cells (78%) and Langhans type giant cells (15%) were the common histological findings. Edema and foamy macrophages were seen in all cases of type 2 reaction patients. However; polymorphonuclear leucocytes and vasculitis were seen in 21 (95%) and 16 (73%) patients; respectively. Conclusion Lepra reactions; both type 1 and 2; occur in about 20% of leprosy patients. Early detection is warranted to avoid complications

Page(s): 252-258

DOI: DOI not available

Published: Journal: Journal of Pakistan Association of Dermatologists, Volume: 25, Issue: 4, Year: 2015

Keywords:

Keywords are not available for this article.

References:

[1] Mondal Avijit .2015 .A clinicodemographic study of lepra reaction in patients attending dermatology department of a tertiary care hospital in Eastern India. J Pak Assoc Dermatol, 25(4) : 252-8.

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