Abstract:
MG is a rare autoimmune disease affecting bimodal distribution and causes fatigue in skeletal muscles which is exacerbated by repeated activity. The prevalence is about 30 cases per 100 000 population. Immunoglobulin (Ig)G1 and IgG3 antibodies to the acetylcholine receptor (AChR) are responsible for the majority of instances. (1) The current treatment employed for MG are cholinesterase inhibitors, corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, intravenous therapy, and thymectomy surgery.(2) The mechanism of action of efgartigimod in reducing the symptoms of myasthenia gravis because the anti-FcRn molecule has the ability to reduce the level of IgG. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of Efgartigimod, a new medication approved in 2022 with few clinical trials. As a result, we have compiled the findings and thematically analyzed all the information up to this point to determine the drug`s safety and effectiveness in comparison to other available treatments. A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar, Clinical trial.gov, and Cochrane Library using the following keywords and their MeSH terms from inception to date: “Efgartigimod’’, ‘’Efgartigimod’’ AND ‘’Myasthenia Gravis’’, ‘’Argx-113’’, ‘’Vyvgart’’, ‘Neonatal Fc Receptor’, etc. Our initial search found 56 potential results. Following exclusions 50 were excluded as it didn’t fall under the category of clinical trials. Out of 6, 5 studies remained for analysis and all of them were clinical trials. It has been determined that the 10 mg/kg dosage of the medication, administered as a one-hour intravenous infusion once a week for four weeks as one treatment cycle, results in clinically lasting benefits. Furthermore, as noted in our study, it is safe with nearly no significant side effects documented even in long-term follow-ups. As a result, we came to the conclusion that efgartigimod can be an effective and secure medication for MG. Abbreviations: Immunoglobulin (Ig), acetylcholine receptor (AChR), myasthenia gravis (MG).
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Journal: Abstract Book on 9th Annual Neuroscience Conference (ANC-23) August 12-13, 2023 , Volume: 0, Issue: 0, Year: 2023