Abstract:
In Pakistan, the area of watershed and range lands constitutes about 65 to 70 percent of total land area. These areas are in depleted condition and far below their productive potential. Because of continued misuse through deforestation, unchecked grazing and irresponsible extension of cultivation, the watershed lands have been severely damaged with the result that agricultural production has considerably decreased. Under Indus Water Treaty, 1960, Pakistan lost 33 million acre-feet water of three Eastern rivers-Sutlej, Beas and Ravi after 1970. Water and Power Development Authority proposed construction of 2 big Dams-Mangla and Tarbela to supplement the withdrawal of water by India, M/S Hunting Technical Services Ltd indicated in their report that the misuse of forests, and cultivation of steep slopes has resulted in accelerated erosion process. It has been estimated that Mangla and Tarbela reservoirs will be completely silted up in 100 and 90 years respectively. Pakistan is dependent on water storages for production of hydro-electricity, irrigation water, and in some situations for domestic water supply. Hence, loss of storage capacity due to sedimentation causes serious economic loss. In addition there is the production loss throughout watersheds due to accelerated run-off and consequent soil erosion. Soil protection is required to ensure sustained production of forest and agricultural products. Improved watershed management is essential for increased sustainable production, reduced soil erosion and improved perenniality of stream flow.
Page(s):
197-202
DOI:
DOI not available
Published:
Journal: Pakistan Journal of Forestry, Volume: 37, Issue: 4, Year: 1987