Prevalence of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus using Molecular Biological Methods and its Antibiotic Resistance Patterns in Al-Ahsa Region of Saudi Arabia | [Proceedings of the Pakistan Academy of Sciences: B. Life and Environmental Sciences • 2021]

Author(s):

1. Zafar Iqbal: Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS)/ KAIMRC/SSBMT, National Guards Health Affairs, Al-Ahsa, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

2. Muhammad Absar: Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS)/ KAIMRC/SSBMT, National Guards Health Affairs, Al-Ahsa, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Microbiology Section, Department of Pathology, King Abdulaziz Hospital, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia

3. Khowlah Al-Sayel: Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS)/ KAIMRC/SSBMT, National Guards Health Affairs, Al-Ahsa, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

4. Munira Al-Mulhim: Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS)/ KAIMRC/SSBMT, National Guards Health Affairs, Al-Ahsa, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

5. Shouq Al-Qahtani: Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS)/ KAIMRC/SSBMT, National Guards Health Affairs, Al-Ahsa, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

6. Sarah Al-Dawasari: Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS)/ KAIMRC/SSBMT, National Guards Health Affairs, Al-Ahsa, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

7. Nourah Al-Mulhim: Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS)/ KAIMRC/SSBMT, National Guards Health Affairs, Al-Ahsa, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

8. Nouf Fallatah: Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS)/ KAIMRC/SSBMT, National Guards Health Affairs, Al-Ahsa, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

9. Maha Alomari: Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS)/ KAIMRC/SSBMT, National Guards Health Affairs, Al-Ahsa, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

10. Kanza Adeel: Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS)/ KAIMRC/SSBMT, National Guards Health Affairs, Al-Ahsa, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

11. Aysha Bhalli: Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS)/ KAIMRC/SSBMT, National Guards Health Affairs, Al-Ahsa, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

12. Mughisuddin Ahmed: Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS)/ KAIMRC/SSBMT, National Guards Health Affairs, Al-Ahsa, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Microbiology Section, Department of Pathology, King Abdulaziz Hospital, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia

13. Nawaf Alanazi: Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS)/ KAIMRC/SSBMT, National Guards Health Affairs, Al-Ahsa, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Department of Pediatrics, King Abdulaziz Hospital, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia

Abstract:

Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) causes many clinical manifestations. In modern healthcare systems, the frequency of MRSA infections is used as the benchmark for the quality of healthcare. MRSAassociated clinical manifestations and antibiotic resistance difer in different regions of the world. No studies had previously been carried out on MRSA in Al-Ahsa Saudi Arabia. Therefore, we studied the prevalence and antibiotic resistance patterns of MRSA in our region. Overall, 2661 patients were tested for MRSA by employing GeneXpertbased PCR assay during Jan- Dec 2018, and data was analyzed using SPSS version 24. 146 patients were MRSA positive (5.48%), with a mean age of 45.17 years and a male to female ratio of 1:1.03. The highest frequency of MRSA was in the age group 60-79 years (25.43%) The prevalence of MRSA infection was highest between August to September (p-value < 0.001). Anemia, hypoalbuminemia, and leukocytosis were associated with MRSA infections (p < 0.001). 87.67% of patients had community-acquired infections (CA-MRSA) (p < 0.001). Prevalence of CAMRSA was the highest among the age group 60-70 years while the patient age group = 80 years had the highest frequency of hospital-acquired infections (p = < 0.0003). Vancomycin and Linezolid showed 100% susceptibility, Penicillin, Cefoxitin, and Cefazoline 100% resistance while Oxacillin showed 98.9% resistance. The highest frequency of MRSA was found during scorching summer while the majority of the patients had CA-MRSA which necessitates precautions to be taken during top summer months. MRSA infections were significantly associated with anemia, hypoalbuminemia, and leukocytosis. Vancomycin and Linezolid could be drugs of choice for MRSA infections.

Page(s): 43-51

DOI: DOI not available

Published: Journal: Proceedings of the Pakistan Academy of Sciences: B. Life and Environmental Sciences, Volume: 58, Issue: 1, Year: 2021

Keywords:

Antibiotic resistance , Epidemiology , MRSA , electrolyte imbalance , Comorbidities

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