Adverse drug reactions of platinum analogs | [Science International • 2020]

Author(s):

1. Ifora Ifora: Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Science Padang,West Sumatera, Indonesia, 25147,

2. Widya Kardela: Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Science Padang,West Sumatera, Indonesia, 25147,

3. Fajri Maimora: Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Science Padang, West Sumatera, Indonesia

Abstract:

The objective of this study was to summarize recent evidence obtained from Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) of platinum analogs and to know what are exactly the most common ADRs in platinum, their frequency, causality, severity, and preventability. A bibliographic search was performed in the following databases: PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar, search covering the period 2010 to 2020. The inclusion criteria were as follow original articles that reported platinum effects in humans, articles that discuss the effects of platinum, articles that assessed causality or severity or preventability of platinum agents, and articles published in the last ten years. Animal studies and case reports were excluded. Hence, a systematic review was discussed by identified and analyzed 3 relevant studies. The major adverse drug reactions included vomiting (35.49%) followed by alopecia (22.95 %), nausea (19.4%), anorexia, diarrhea, taste alteration, constipation, tinnitus, abnormal renal, and dizziness. Assessment with Naranjo's Algorithm and WHO assessment scale indicated most ADRs are "possible" than "probable". The result of Hartwig and Siegel scale, most ADRs of platinum analogs showed "moderate" followed by "mild" and "severe". The preventability assessment with modified Schumock and Thornton scale of platinum analogs, most of all showed "definitely preventable" followed by "not preventable" and "probably preventable". Almost all ADRs of platinum are predictable. Platinum analog is not entirely risk-free, as it has several kinds of potential ADRs such as vomiting, alopecia, nausea. Currently, there is a lack of information on platinum ADRs. In the interest of patient safety, sufficiently large prospective studies should be considered to clarify this issue.

Page(s): 527-531

DOI: DOI not available

Published: Journal: Science International, Volume: 32, Issue: 5, Year: 2020

Keywords:

Adverse Drug Reactions , WHO assessment scale , Platinum analogs , Naranjos Algorithm , Hartwig and Siegel scale , Modified Schumock and Thornton scale

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