UNVEILING THE ANTIBACTERIAL POTENTIAL OF PLANT DEFENCE ACTIVATORS IN CONJUNCTION WITH METEOROLOGICAL VARIABLES AGAINST BACTERIAL LEAF SPOT IN SPINACH | [International Journal of Phytopathology • 2024]

Author(s):

1. Muhammad Atiq: Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.

2. Sanawar Sattar: Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.

3. Muhammad J. Arif: Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.

4. Muhammad M. Jahangir: Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.

5. Muhammad D. Gogi: Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.

6. Rashad W. Khan: Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.

7. Waqas Ahmad: Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.

8. Zoha Adil: Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.

9. Muhammad Idrees: Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.

10. Sakina Attaria: Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.

Abstract:

Spinach is susceptible to various fungal, bacterial, and viral pathogens, with bacterial leaf spot being a particularly significant threat, often leading to substantial reductions in both yield and quality. Recent research evaluated different plant defense activators for their effectiveness against bacterial leaf spot in spinach. Among the tested activators, Salicylic acid achieved the lowest disease severity andincidence, at 24.76% and 27.73% respectively, followed by Citric acid (27.43% and 32.76%), Benzoic acid (29.57% and 38.32%), and K2HPO4 (33.31% and 38.38%) under both greenhouse and field conditions compared to the control. Several epidemiological factors—including minimum and maximum temperature, relative humidity, rainfall, and wind speed—were assessed for their impact on disease progression in three local spinach varieties: Dasi Palak, Lahori Palak, and Swiss Chard Palak. The results showed a considerable increase in disease severity when temperatures ranged from 26-28°C, relative humidity was between 69-73%, rainfall measured 0.5-1 mm, and wind speeds reached 1.5-2 km/h. All environmental factors positively correlated with bacterial leaf spot development in spinach. Greenhouseand field trials were conducted using a Complete Randomized Design (CRD) and a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD), respectively. Based on the findings, Salicylic acid application is recommended as an effective and ecologically sustainable strategy for managing bacterial leaf spot in spinach.

Page(s): 169-180

DOI: 10.33687/phytopath.013.02.4822

Published: Journal: International Journal of Phytopathology, Volume: 13, Issue: 2, Year: 2024

Keywords:

salicylic acid , disease incidence , greenhouse , Benzoic acid , Benzoic acid , Benzoic acid , Benzoic acid , Benzoic acid , Benzoic acid , gramnegative

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