A Systematic Review of AI-based Clinical Decision Support Systems: From Development and Implementation to Applications | [Pakistan Journal of Life and Social Sciences • 2025]

Author(s):

1. Syed Umer Hasan: Fitchburg State University - 160 Pearl St,Fitchburg,

2. Sara Hasan: University of Sussex USA

3. Ashish Shiwlani: DePaul University Chicago, USA

4. Sooraj Kumar: DePaul University Chicago, USA

5. Samesh Kumar: Georgia Institute of Technology,,USA

6. Muhammad Irshad Nazeer: Department of Computer Science, Sukkur IBA University,Sindh,Pakistan

7. Sheena Shiwlani: Sheena Shiwlani, Mount Sinai Hospital · New York,,USA

Abstract:

AI-CDSS can be integrated into healthcare to improve the quality of care for patients, reduce differences in treatment, and maximize the usage of resources. For instance, such systems can offer meaningful insights into actionable evidence through the help of advanced data analytics and machine learning. All this, however, brings a plethora of challenges when trying to integrate AI into a clinical environment, such as ethical concerns about algorithmic bias, strong regulatory frameworks, and changes in work??low. Published sources were used between 2014 and 2024 in PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases. The review encompasses randomized controlled trials, observational studies, and meta-analyses but excludes non-clinical encounters, conference proceedings, and editorials. The ??ive main themes of AI and clinical decision-making hinge on the need for XAI to be transparent and the role that multidisciplinary specialties contribute. The ??indings presented here speak to the high promise that AI-CDSS offers in various health-related areas but point out the need for regulatory measures, ethical issues, and user interfaces for effective utilization in clinical practice.

Page(s): 1482-1500

DOI: 10.57239/PJLSS-2025-23.1.00115

Published: Journal: Pakistan Journal of Life and Social Sciences, Volume: 23, Issue: 1, Year: 2025

Keywords:

AIdriven Clinical Decision Support System Explainable AI XAI Multidisciplinary CDSS

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