A Review and Analysis of Heavy Metals in Freshwater Reservoirs of Pakistan: their Bioaccumulation, Biological Magnification and Biotic Transmission | [Pakistan journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology • 2023]

Author(s):

1. Bushra Nisar Khan: Institute of Zoology, University of Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan

2. Yusra Ashfaq: Institute of Zoology, University of Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan

3. Asia Bibi: Department of Zoology, The Women University Multan

4. Amina Tufail: Institute of Zoology, University of Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan

5. Fatima Khalid: Centre for Applied Molecular Biology (CAMB) Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan

6. Anum Naz: Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan

7. Tallal Hassan Khan: Australian National University,Lahore,Australia

Abstract:

(1) Water pollution is one of the most serious issues since both inorganic and organic wastes are released into the aquatic ecosystem. The release of waste into water channels enables heavy metal ions to enter the food chain, where they accumulate and move up the food chain. Therefore, higher trophic level animals are more susceptible to their toxicity. (2) This review has tried to provide a piece of detailed information about the biotic transmission of heavy metals in the food chain of important freshwater dams in Pakistan. (3) Rawal Dam, Mangla Dam, and Zabi Dam were identified as highly contaminated areas of freshwater that had detrimental effects on fish and human health. Changhoz and Ghol Dams have the healthiest ecosystems of all Pakistan's dams. Changhoz Dam's freshwater fish are considered to be safe for human consumption. Migratory birds at Rawal Dam collect heavy metals from consuming fish from freshwater reservoirs. Heavy metal pollution has been linked to a variety of social, ecological, and economic issues. (4) The detrimental effects of heavy metals on aquatic organisms and human well-being can be reduced if wastewater is purified before being released into freshwater.

Page(s): 35-54

DOI: 10.52700/pjbb.v4i1.203

Published: Journal: Pakistan journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Volume: 4, Issue: 1, Year: 2023

Keywords:

Heavy metals , fish , migratory birds , Rawal Dam , Mangla Dam , Changhoz Dam , Zabi Dam

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