Aqueous lyophilisate of Malvaviscus arboreus Dill. Ex Cav. leaves exerts antiepileptogenic properties via a modulation of neuroinflammation, GABAergic neurotransmission and oxidative stress in rats. | [Abstract Book on 9th Annual Neuroscience Conference (ANC-23) August 12-13, 2023 • 2023]

Author(s):

1. Maxwell Blesdel Adassi: Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Maroua, Cameroon

2. Gwladys Temkou Ngoupaye: Animal physiology and phytopharmacology research unit, University of Dschang, Cameroon

3. Aurelien Fossueh Foutsop: Animal physiology and phytopharmacology research unit, University of Dschang, Cameroon

4. Francis Bray Yassi: Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Ngaoundéré, Cameroon

5. Tatiana Diebo Kom: epartment of Biological sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Maroua, Cameroon

6. Stephanie Gabriella Dongmo Tonleu: Animal physiology and phytopharmacology research unit, University of Dschang, Cameroon

7. Adolphe Petsou: Animal physiology and phytopharmacology research unit, University of Dschang, Cameroon

8. Elisabeth Ngo Bum: Department of Biological sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Maroua, Cameroon

Abstract:

Background: Epilepsy remains one of the most challenging neurological disorders worldwide. The present study thus aimed to evaluate the antiepileptogenic properties of Malvaviscus arboreus (M. arboreus) in rats.Methodology: Apart from the vehicle, animals were challenged with pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) (70mg/kg). All the challenged animals were later divided into the treatment groups (negative control, valproate 300 mg/kg, M. arboreus 122.5, 245 and 490 mg/kg). Except the vehicle, all the other groups were subjected to kindling PTZ, consisting of repeated administration of PTZ at a dose of 35 mg/kg every other day. The percentage of protection against seizure, the seizure progression and the seizure severity were assessed. TNF-a, IL-1ß, MMP-9 and IL-10 levels were assessed using ELISA. GABA level, GABA transaminase activity and oxidative stress makers were assessed using spectrophotometric assay and histological analysis using cresyl-violet staining. Results: Results showed that extract of M. arboreus at 245 mg/kg significantly increased the number of injections needed to reach the kindled state (p<0.001), and protected animals against the development of epilepsy (P<0.001). Moreover, the lyophilisate significantly decreased the GABA transaminase activity (p<0.01), the levels of TNFa (P<0.001), IL-1ß (P<0.001), MMP-9 (P<0.001) and Malondialdehyde (P<0.05); and significantly increased the level of GABA (p<0.05), IL-10 (P<0.001), Reduced Glutathione (p<0.001) and Catalase (p<0.001).It also preserved the architecture of the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus and prevented necrosis of neurons. Conclusion: The aqueous lyophilisate of the leaves of M. arboreus possess antiepileptogenic properties and could therefore be of great benefit in the alternative and complementary therapy of epilepsy.

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Published: Journal: Abstract Book on 9th Annual Neuroscience Conference (ANC-23) August 12-13, 2023 , Volume: 0, Issue: 0, Year: 2023

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