Among known species of 69 Mangifera, Mangifera indica L. is a medicinal plant being used in tropical regions by indigenous people. It has been a main plant species being used in Ayurvedic as well as indigenous medical systems form 4000 years. Components of M. indica are recurrently used as a traditional medicine system to cure numerous ailments. Active constituents are present in stem bark, leaves, heartwood, roots and fruit and have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, radioprotective, antitumor, immune-modulatory, anti-allergic, anti-diabetic, anti-bone resorption, mono-amine oxidase inhibiting, anti-viral, anti-fungal, anti-bacterial, anti-spasmodic, antidiarrheal, anti-malarial, antiparasitic as well as lipolytic properties. In spite of essential progress in phyto-chemical and medicinal analysis of M. indica, more efforts are needed to explore M. indica active components and their application in pharmaceutical industry. In this review, we focus on recent information about chemical constituents and pharmacological uses of M. indica.