Abstract:
Endophytic fungi inhabiting plant tissues are gaining recognition as rich sources of bioactive secondary metabolites with diverse biomedical potential. Among these, exo poly saccharides (EPS) have drawn significant attention due to their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, ant diabetic, and antibacterial properties. In this study, fungal endo phytes were isolated from different parts of the wheat plant (Triticum aestivum) and identified as Wh1, Wh2, Wh3, and Wh4. Strains producing high EPS content were cultivated in yeast extract-peptone-dextrose broth at 25 °C for 7 days under shaking conditions. EPS were precipitated with ice-chilled ethanol and biochemically characterized, revealing considerable carbohydrate content in all isolates, with Wh4 showing the highest (10.8µg/mL). Monosaccharide analysis showed varying concentrations of uronic acids, unsaturated uronic acids, pentose’s, and hexoses. Biological assays revealed remarkable bioactivities. Wh2 and Wh3 demonstrated strong antioxidant potential, scavenging 73.00% ± 3.22 and 77.81% ± 1.42 of DPPH radicals, respectively, at 1000 µg/mL. Wh4 exhibited the highest anti-inflammatory activity (88.34% ± 1.14; IC50 = 163.60 µg/mL). Wh3 showed the most potent a-amylase inhibition (87.17% ± 4.21; IC50 = 301.39 µg/mL),signifying promising anti diabetic potential. In antibacterial testing, EPS from all strains exhibited reasonable to strong inhibition against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, with Wh2 achieving maximum zones of inhibition of6.75 mm (E. coli) and 10.75 mm (S. aureus) at the highest concentration. Overall, these findings highlight wheat-derived endophytic EPS as multifunctional bioactive compounds with significant therapeutic promise. Their natural origin, sustainability, and broad-spectrum biological activities position them as a valuable resource for developing eco-friendly and innovative biomedical solutions.
Page(s):
105-105
DOI:
DOI not available
Published:
Journal: 1st International Conference on "Recent Advances in Green Biotechnology and Climate Resilience", September 15-16, 2025, Volume: 1, Issue: 1, Year: 2025
Keywords:
bioactive compounds
,
endophytes
,
exopolysaccharides
,
Wheat plant