A Study on prevalence and molecular characterization of spike protein of SARS-COV- 2 in Pakistan | [Life and Science • 2023]

Author(s):

1. Mahnoor Rizwan: Department of Life Sciences, Abasyn University Islamabad Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan

2. Abdul Ahad: Department of Virology, National Institute of Health, Islamabad, Pakistan

3. Sadia Aziz: Department of Biological Sciences, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan

4. Nazir Ahmed Lone: Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS), Rawalpindi, Pakistan

5. Tabasum Naz: Department of Life Sciences, Abasyn University Islamabad Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan

6. Muhammad Bilal Khan: Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS), Rawalpindi, Pakistan

7. Laila Jafri: Department of Life Sciences, Abasyn University Islamabad Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan

8. Liaqat Ali: Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS), Rawalpindi, Pakistan

Abstract:

Objective: To examine the prevalence of antibody IgG/IgM and designing follow-up study of six months and to perform the molecular characterization and sequence analysis of spike protein of SARS-CoV-2. Study Design: Prevalence study. Place and Duration of the Study: The study was conducted in the Post-Graduate Lab of the National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS) Rawalpindi, Pakistan from January 2021 to June 2021. Methods: 112 suspected patients with mild and severe symptoms were tested by PCR (polymerase chain reaction) and all were positive. Antibody profiling of vaccinated and non-vaccinated patients was performed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and followed up for up to six months. Results: Ten patients were identified as re-infected and were subsequently re-tested via PCR and DNA sequencing. The IgG/IgM of immunized patients was 11.87IU/mL and 3.87IU/mL in non-immunized individuals. Genomic analysis indicated that all the sequences belong to delta variant (21A and 21J sub-lineages). Mutations were observed in spike protein at I1169V, D950N in 21A and T951I and S254F in 21J sub-lineages. Conclusion: This study revealed the significance of measuring antibody levels among vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals. Additionally, mutations in the spike gene of the delta variant of SARS-CoV2 can influence the pathogen's mutation rate, leading to changes in its transmissibility and pathogenicity.

Page(s): 458-468

DOI: 10.37185/LnS.1.1.400

Published: Journal: Life and Science, Volume: 4, Issue: 4, Year: 2023

Keywords:

COVID19 , ELISA , Immunity , Covid19 , followup , Antibody Quantification

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