Taxonomical, Morphological, Palynological, Anatomical and Ecological Investigations on Monotypic Genus Pachyphragma from Turkey. | [Pakistan Journal of Botany • 2019]

Author(s):

1. MEHMET CENGLZ KARAlSMAlLOGLU: Siirt University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Biology, Siirt, Turkey

Abstract:

The target of this work was to examine the taxonomical, morphological, anatomical, palynological, and ecological features and geographical distribution of the monotypic genus Pachypragma (P. macrophyllum) growing in Turkey. The flowering and fruiting periods of the species were recorded. Sampling was performed at different areas during 2015 to 2016. In the morphological investigation, the description of the genus was updated as a result of comprehensive evaluations of many samples, and distinguishing characteristics of the species. Moreover, micrographs of the seed and pollen surfaces of the species were taken using scanning electron microscope. The seed surface ornamentation was reticulate or alveolate-reticulate. The pollen grains were mostly radially, isopolar, and prolate, with polar axes of 18.36 ± 0.27 µm and equatorial axes of 12.11 ± 0.18 µm, and their outlines were oval in the equatorial axes and elliptical in the polar axes. The pollen grains were mostly tricolpate. The anatomical structures of the stem, root, and leaf were also studied. The geographical dispersion of the taxon is along the borders of Turkey. The physical and chemical features of the soil with live taxa of the studied taxon were ecologically examined. The species risk category was determined in accordance with International Union for Conservation of Nature criteria.

Page(s): 1021-1026

DOI: 10.30848/PJB2019-3(24)

Published: Journal: Pakistan Journal of Botany, Volume: 51, Issue: 3, Year: 2019

Keywords:

anatomy , SEM , Pollen , Monotypic genus , Ecology , Brassicaceae , Pachyphragma macrophyllum

References:

[1] Al-Shehbaz , I.A.,M.A.Beilstein,E.A.Kellogg, 2006.Systematics and phylogeny of the Brassicaceae (Cruciferae): an overview,Pl. Syst. Evol 259 89 -120

[2] Al-Shehbaz , I.A.,B.Mutlu,A.A.Donmez, 2007.The Brassicaceae (Cruciferae) of Turkey, Updated, 31 327 -336

[3] Anchev , M.,B.Deneva, 1997.Pollen morphology of seventeen species from family Brassicaceae (Cruciferae),Phytol. Balcanica 3 75 -82

[4] Barthlott , W., 1981.Epidermal and seed surface characters of plants: systematic applicability and some evolutionary aspects,Nord. J. Bot. 1 345 -355

[5] Barthlott , W.,V.H.,D.C., 1984.Current Concepts in Plant Taxonomy, 95 -105

[6] Brochmann , C., 1992.Pollen and seed anatomy of Nordic Draba (Brassicaceae): phylogenetic and ecological implications,Nord. J. Bot. 12 657 -673

[7] Cansaran , A.,E. ErgenAkcin,N.Kandemir, 2007.A Study on the Morphology, Anatomy an Autecology of Erysimum amasianum Hausskn. & Bornm. (Brassicaceae) Distributed in Central Black Sea Region (Amasya-Turkey),Int. J. Sci. Tech 2 13 -24

[8] Chapman , H.D.,F.P.Pratt, 1961.Methods of analysis for soil plants and waters, -

[9] Couvreur , T.L.P.,A.Franzke,I.A . Al-Shehbaz,F.Bakker,M.A.Koch,K.Mummenhoff, 2010.Molecular phylogenetics, temporal diversification and principles of evolution in the mustard family (Brassicaceae),Mol. Biol 27 55 -71

[10] Cronquist , A., 1968.The evolution and classification of the flowering plants, -

[11] Davis , P.H., 1965.Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, 1 -

[12] Davie , J.H.,J.R.Akeroyd, 1983.Pachyphragma macrophyllum (Hoffm.) Busch (Cruciferae), a Caucasian species naturalized in Co,Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 1 77 -82

[13] Filiz , E.,E.Osma,A.Kandemir,H.Tombuloglu,S.Birbilener,M.Aydın, 2014.Assessment of genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships of endangered endemic plant Barbarea integrifolia DC. (Brassicaceae) in Turkey, 38 1169 -1181

[14] Guner , A,S.Aslan,T.Ekim,M.Vural,M.T.Babac, 2012.Türkiye bitkileri listesi (damarlı bitkiler). [A Checklist of the Flora of Turkey (Vascular Plants)],Nezahat Gokyigit Botanik Bahcesi ve Flora Arastırmaları Dernegi Yayini -

[15] Heywood , W.H., 1971.Scanning Electron Microscopy, -

[16] 2001.IUCN red list categories and criteria,Version 3 1 -

[17] Karaismailoğlu , M.C., 2015a.Morphological and anatomical features of seeds of Turkish Romulea taxa (Iridaceae) and their taxonomic significance,Acta Bot 74 31 -41

[18] Karaismailoğlu , M.C., 2015b.Morphological and anatomical features of cypsela of some Crepis taxa (Asteraceae) from turkey and their taxonomic importance,Pak. J. Bot. 47 1473 -1480

[19] Karaismailoğlu , M.C., 2016.(Brassicaceae) from Turkey,Bangladesh J. Bot. 45 509 -515

[20] Karaismailoğlu , M.C., 2017.Palynological features of eleven Aethionema taxa from Turkey and their systematic implications,Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon 24 197 -204

[21] Khalik , K.,L.J.G.Maesn Van Der, 2002.Seed morphology of some tribes of Brassicaceae (Implication for taxonomy and species identification for the flora of Egypt),Blumea 47 363 -83

[22] Koul , K.K.,R.Nagpal,S.N.Raina, 2000.Seed coat microsculpturing in Brassica and allied genera (subtribe Brassicinae, Raphaninae, 86 385 -397

[23] Kuprianova , A., 1967.Apertures of pollen grains and the evolution in Angiosperms, 3 73 -80

[24] Metcalfe , C.R.,L.Chalk, 1957.Anatomy of the Dicotyledons (Leaves, stem and wood in relation to taxonomy with notes on economic uses, 1 79 -87

[25] Moazzeni , H., S.,Zarre , I.A,Al-Shehbaz and K.,Mummenhoff, 2007.Seed coat microsculpturing and its systematic application in Isatis (Brassicaceae) and allied genera in Iran, 202 447 -454

[26] Mummenhoff , K.,U.Coja,H.Brüggemann, 2001.Pachyphragma and Gagria (Brassicaceae) revisited: Molecular data indicate close relationship to Thlaspi s.str, 36 293 -302

[27] Murley , M.R., 1951.Seeds of the Cruciferae of North Eastern America, 46 1 -8

[28] Mutlu , B. and S.,Erik, 2012.Pollen morphology and its taxonomic significance of the genus Arabis (Brassicaceae) in Turkey, 298 1931 -1946

[29] Orcan , N., 1997.Bazı Alyssum türleri üzerinde morfolojik ve anatomik arastırmalar,OT Sistematik Botanik Dergisi 4 27 -42

[30] Orcan , N.,R.Binzet, 2003.The Anatomical and Palynological Properties of Alyssum obtusifolium Steven ex DC. (Brassicaceae),Turk. J. Bot. 27 63 -68

[31] Pinar , N.M.,A.Duran,T.Ceter,G.N.Tug, 2009.Pollen and Seed Morphology of the Genus Hesperis L. (Brassicaceae) in Turkey, 33 83 -96

[32] Prantl , K.,EnglerA,Prantl K (eds) Die NaturlichenPflanzenfamilien, 1891.Cruciferae, 145 -208

[33] Punt , W., S.,Blackmore , S.,Nilsson and A. Le,Thomas, 1994.Glossary of pollen and spore terminology,Lab Palaeobot Palynol, Utrect 71 -

[34] Schulz , O.E.,K.Prantl, 1936., 227 -658

[35] Shirdam , R.,Z.Modarres-Tehrani,F.Dastgoshadeh,RasayanJ.,Chem, 2008.Microwave assisted digestion of soil, sludge and sediment for determination of heavy metals with ICP-OES and FAAS, 1 757 -765

[36] Stearn , W., 1985.Botanical latin: history, grammar syntax, terminology and vocabulary,David & Charles -

[37] Takhtajan , A.L., 1980.Outline of the classification of flowering plants (Magnoliophyta),Bot. Rev. 46 246 -248

[38] Vaughan , J.G.,J.M.Whitehouse, 1971.Seed structure and the taxonomy of Cruciferae,Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 64 383 -409

[39] Zeng , C.H.L.,J.B.Wang,A.H.Liu,X.M.Wu, 2004.Seed coat microsculpturing changes during seed development in diploid and amphidiploid Brassica species, 93 555 -566

Citations

Downloads

Views