Therapeutic Impact of Bitter Gourd Seed-fortified Crackers on Alloxan-induced Diabetic Rats | [Pakistan Veterinary Journal • 2024]

Author(s):

1. Najla AlMasoud: Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University,P.O. Box 84427, Riyadh, 11671,Saudi Arabia

2. Roshina Rabail: National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture,Faisalabad, 38000,Pakistan

3. Taghrid S Alomar: Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University,P.O. Box 84427, Riyadh, 11671,Saudi Arabia

4. Seemal Munir: National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture,Faisalabad, 38000,Pakistan

5. Syed Ali Hassan: National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture,Faisalabad, 38000,Pakistan

6. Rana Muhammad Aadil: Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University,P.O. Box 84427, Riyadh, 11671,Saudi Arabia; National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture,Faisalabad, 38000,Pakistan

Abstract:

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic condition marked by a decreased body's capacity to produce or react to endocrine hormones to keep blood glucose levels within normal ranges. DM is categorized into type 1 DM (T1DM), type 2 DM (T2DM), and gestational diabetes. T2DM accounts for 90% of DM cases and is largely associated with diet. In this research, bitter gourd seeds (BGS) were incorporated at 10% into crackers to make BGS-fortified crackers (BGS-C), to investigate their therapeutic impact on DM. A 35-day therapeutic trial on 15 male Wister rats was performed. Rats were divided into five groups where G0 (nondiabetic: control diet), G1 (diabetic: Metformin), G2 (diabetic: Metformin + 25% BGS-C), G3 (diabetic: Metformin + 50% BGS-C), and G4 (diabetic: Metformin + 75% BGS-C). The results of this study revealed that the inclusion of BGS-C into the diet of diabetic rats brought much faster, highly significant, and health-promising outcomes. The results of G4 and G3 were quite close to the normal healthy lab values for almost all biomarkers including body weight, diabetic biomarkers, lipid profile, liver and renal function tests. The outcomes of G4 when compared to G1 indicated highly significant improvements in diabetic biomarkers i.e. percentage decline of 11.98% in serum glucose, 33.7% in serum insulin, and 54.8% in fasting blood glucose. These outcomes have strengthened the nutraceutical significance of BGS against DM. Moreover, the treatment of DM only relying on the medicine may prolong the disease but the use of BGS along with the use of medicine may help in speeding up the recovery process from DM. Hence, the regular dietary intake of BG or BGS is highly recommended to lower the negative health outcomes of DM and its associated metabolic disorders.

Page(s): 629-636

DOI: 10.29261/pakvetj/2024.191

Published: Journal: Pakistan Veterinary Journal, Volume: 44, Issue: 3, Year: 2024

Keywords:

Bitter gourd Diabetes Mellitus Metformin Crackers Alloxan

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