Individual variations in some premolars of species Giraffokeryx punjabiensis from Lower Siwalik (Chinji Formation) of Pakistan. | [Proceedings of 5th Pakistan Geological Congress • 2007]

Author(s):

1. Zafar Hameed Bhatti: Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan

2. Muhammad Anwar Qureshi: Institute of Geology, A.J. & K. University, Muzaffarabad, Pakistan

3. M. Akbar Khan: Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan

4. Muhammad Akhtar: Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan

5. A. Ghaffar: Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan

6. Muhammad Ejaz: Department of Biology, Quaid-e-Azam Public College, Gujranwala, Pakistan

Abstract:

The oldest giraffids known are Teruelia from Spain, Progiraffa from Bugti area, Pakistan and Zaraffa and Palaeotragus from Africa whereas the giraffoid Climacoceras is also known from Africa, which probably arrived independently from Asia. Giraffokeryx is reported from the Indian subcontinent from 16.5 million years ago onwards and may have dispersed to Europe, Anatolia and Africa. This gives the impression of dispersal from Pakistan towards Africa and Europe. However, doubts have been expressed on determinations based on dental material. Giraffokeryx have advanced over Georgiomeryx in features such as higher cheek teeth, upper molars with less of basal pillar and lingual cingulum, labial wall of the metacone more upright on upper molars, lower molars with less prominent metastylids in earlier wear and smaller basal pillars, frequent fusion of praemetacristid with postprotoconulidcristid on P4. Four Premolars of Giraffokeryx punjabiensis are described from the Lower Siwaliks (Chinji Formation) of Pakistan. A detailed morphology of the specimens has been given to indicate the individual variations in the species Giraffokeryx punjabiensis.

Page(s): 261-272

DOI: DOI not available

Published: Journal: Proceedings of 5th Pakistan Geological Congress , Volume: 0, Issue: 0, Year: 2007

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