Abstract:
Aluminium chloride, an environmental toxicant induces neurotoxicity by increasing anxiety, causing cognitive deficit and memory impairment due to its effects on the hippocampus. Omega-3 oil has been shown to improve cognition in neurologic disorders. This study was designed to investigate the protective effects of omega-3 oil on aluminium-induced oxidative stress in the hippocampus of female Wistar rats. Forty adult female rats (160-165g) were divided into 4 groups (n=10). Control group received distilled water, group B rats received 100mg/kg aluminium chloride (Alcl3), group C received 300mg/kg of omega-3 oil and group D received 100mg/kg Alcl3 & 300mg/kg omega-3 one hour interval. All treatment was done orally for 28 days. Neurobehavioural test was done and the rats sacrificed on day 29. The hippocampus was dissected out & some preserved in phosphate buffered saline at 4oC & pH, 7.2 for oxidative stress and antioxidant markers, while others fixed in 10% formol-saline for histological and immunohistochemical studies. Data was analyzed using one way ANOVA at p<0.05. The Alcl3-treated rats showed significant decrease in the open field activities, and deficit in cognition and spatial memory, increased oxidative stress marker and decreased antioxidant system compared with the control and omega-3 oil-treated groups. The hippocampus showed Pyramidal cell degeneration, vacuolation, karyorrhexis and pyknosis, and increased reactive astrocyte and B-Cell lymphoma-associated X-protein (BAX) in the Alcl3-treated group compared with the control and omega-3 oil-treated groups. AlCl3 induced oxidative stress, negative cognitive behaviour, memory loss and decreased the antioxidant capacity in the hippocampus of Wistar rats. Omega-3 oil attenuated these negative effects suggesting its neuroprotective capability possibly through upregulating the antioxidant system, reducing astrogliosis or by preventing pro-apoptotic cascade.
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DOI:
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Published:
Journal: Abstract Book on 9th Annual Neuroscience Conference (ANC-23) August 12-13, 2023 , Volume: 0, Issue: 0, Year: 2023