Abstract:
End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is a serious health problem that represents permanent loss of kidney function and requires dialysis or transplantation. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is the most common cause of ESRD and develops through both genetic and environmental factors. Among genetic risks, deletions in Glutathione S-Transferase (GST) genes, especially GSTM1 and GSTT1, are thought to increase oxidative stress and make individuals more vulnerable to kidney damage. This case-control study was conducted to investigate the association of GSTM1 and GSTT1 null genotypes with ESRD in the population of Multan District, Pakistan. A total of 154 confirmed ESRD patients from the Nephrology and Dialysis Ward of Nishtar Medical Hospital, Multan, and 154 healthy controls matched for age and sex were included. DNA was extracted from blood samples and analyzed through multiplex PCR using CYP1A1 as an internal control. Clinical and lifestyle data, including smoking, hypertension, diabetes, and biochemical parameters, were also recorded. The GSTM1-null genotype was found in 62% of patients compared to 38% of controls, while the GSTT1-null genotype occurred in 54% of patients compared to 32% of controls (p < 0.05). The presence of both null genotypes further increased the risk of ESRD (OR = 3.5; 95% CI: 2.2-5.8). These deletions were linked with higher oxidative stress markers and weaker antioxidant defenses. Risk was further increased in patients with smoking, diabetes, or hypertension. In conclusion, GSTM1 and GSTT1 deletions are significantly associated with ESRD in the local population. Genetic screening together with early lifestyle and nutritional interventions may help in reducing the burden of ESRD in Pakistan.
Page(s):
206-206
DOI:
DOI not available
Published:
Journal: 4th International Conference of Sciences “Revamped Scientific Outlook of 21st Century, 2025” , November 12,2025, Volume: 1, Issue: 1, Year: 2025
Keywords:
genetic polymorphism
,
casecontrol study
,
Endstage renal disease
,
GSTT1
,
GSTM1
,
Multan District