The Population Behavior of Earth Worm (Pheritema Posthuma Kinberg). under the Influence of Industrial Waste. | [FUUAST Journal of Biology • 2017]

Author(s):

1. MUHAMMAD UZAIR KHAN: Marine Reference Collection and Resource Centre, University of Karachi, Pakistan

2. MOINUDDIN AHMED: Laboratory of Dendrochronology and Plant Ecology, Department of Botany, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science & Technology Karachi, Pakistan

3. KANWAL NAZIM: Sindh Forest Department, Karachi, Pakistan

Abstract:

Earthworms are important component of our agricultural soil, food chain or ecosystem. Present study was conducted to explore the toxicity of industrial waste (if used as organic substitute on the field) on earthworm population. A four months green house experiment was conducted in Federal Urdu University where Pheretima posthuma (earth worms) was exposed to a series of industrial waste treatments. After the termination of experiment the number of adult, number of juvenile, number of cocoon and their body mass were calculated under the influence of two types of sludge and their ashes. The strongest impact of substrate contamination was exerted which significantly reduced the number of juvenile population at p<0.001 and body mass at p<0.001. The concentrations of all heavy metals in prepared polluted soil were greater than the permissible limits of WHO, while accumulation of Co and Pb in body mass of earth worms were determined above the WHO limits under both the ashes treatments. The Pearson's correlation was evident significant relationship between the heavy metals contents in the substrate and their accumulation in earth worm's tissues. It could be suggested that such types of industrial wastes should be banned contained high amount of heavy metals. Although P.posthuma is a good indicator of heavy metal, however this species may be used for vermicomposting of organic sludge with low concentration of heavy metals.

Page(s): 1-8

DOI: DOI not available

Published: Journal: FUUAST Journal of Biology, Volume: 7, Issue: 1, Year: 2017

Keywords:

Industrial Waste , ecosystem , Earth Worm

References:

[1] Bengtsson , G.,Gunnarsson , T.,Rundgren , S.,,1986,Effects of metal pollution on the earthworm Dendrobaena rubida (Sav) in acidified soils,Water Air and Soil Pollution,28,361,383

[2] Berrow , M. L.,Stein , W. M.,,1983,Extraction of metals from soils and sewage by refluxing with aqua regia,Analyst,108,277,285

[3] Binet , F.,Fayolle , L.,Pussard , M.,,1998,Significance of earthworms in stimulating soil microbial activity,Biology and Fertility of Soil,27,79,84

[4] Cheng , J. M.,Wong , M. H.,,2002,Effects of earthworms on Zn fractionation in soils,Biology and Fertility of Soils,36,72,8

[5] Cortet , J.,Vauflery , A. G. D.,Balaguer , N. P.,Gomot , L.,Texier , C. H.,Cluzeau , D.,,1999,The use of invertebrate soil fauna in monitoring pollutant effects,European Journal of Soil Biology,35,115,134

[6] Duncan , D. B.,,1955,Multiple range and multiple F-test,Biometrics,11,1,42

[7] Edwards , C. A.,Lofty , J. R.,C. A and P. J. Bohlen.,,1996,The effects of direct drilling and minimal cultivation on earthworm populations,Journal of Applied Ecology,17,207,210

[8] Gish , C. D.,Christensen , R. E.,,1973,Cadmium, nickel, lead,and zinc in earthworms from roadside soil,Environmental Science and Technology,7,1060,1062

[9] Gupta , S. J.,Srivostava , R.,Mathur , N.,Saxena , P. N.,,2006,The comparative Effects of Metals on the Hatching of Earthworms Cocoons,,34,491,406

[10] Haghiri , F.,,1974,Plant uptake of cadmium as influenced by cation exchange capacity organic matter, zinc and soil temperature,Journal of Environment,3,80,183

[11] Haghparast , R. J.,Golchin , A.,Kahneh , E.,,2009,Study Effect of Heavy Metals Contamination on Growth of Earthworm (Eisenia fetida) in two calcareous and acidic soils. "Biophysical and Socio-economic Frame Conditions for the Sustainable Management of Natural Resources" Tropentag, October 6 - 8,,,,

[12] Honda , K.,Nasu , T.,Tatsukawa , R.,,1984,Metal Distribution in the earthworm, Pheretina hilgendorfi and their variations with growth,Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology,13,427,432

[13] Ismail , S. A.,,1997,Vermicolgy-biology of earthworms,Chennai: Orient Longman Limited.,,,

[14] Johnson , O. L.,,2002,Darwin would be proud: Bioturbation, dynamic denudation and the power of theory in science,Geoarchaeology,17,7,40

[15] Kale , R. D.,Sunitha , N. S.,,1995,Efficiency of Earthworms (E. Eugeniae) in Converting the Solid Waste from Aromatic Oil Extraction Industry into Vermicomposting,Journal of IAEM,22,267,269

[16] Lacerda , L. D.,Abrao , J. J.,,1984,Heavy metal accumulation y mangrove and salt marsh inter tidal sediments,Revista Brasileira de Botânica,7,49,52

[17] Lapinski , S.,Rosciszewska , M.,,2008,The impact of cadmium and mercury contamination on reproduction and body mass of earthworms,Plant Soil Environment,54,61,65

[18] Lev , S.M.,Nick , M.,JoelW. S.,RyanE. C.,DavidR. O.,,2010,Effects of Zinc Exposure on Earthworms, Lumbricus terrestris,in an Artificial Soil. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology June,84,687,691

[19] Malecki , M. R.,Neuhauser , E. F.,Loehr , R. C.,,1982,The effect of metals on the growth and reproduction of Esenia foetida (Oligochaeta, Lumbricidae),Pedobiologia,24,129,137

[20] Morgan , J. E.,Morgan , A. J.,,1999,by two ecologically contrasting earthworm species (Lumbricus rubellus and Aporrectodea caliginosa): implications for ecotoxicological testing,Applied Soil Ecology,13,9,20

[21] Neuhauser , E. F.,Malecki , M. R.,Loehr , R. C.,,1984,Growth and reproduction of earthworm Eisenia fetida after exposure to sub lethal concentrations of metals,Pedobiologia,27,89,97

[22] Pradhan , S. C.,Mishra , P. C.,,1986,Changes in Population and Metabolism of Earthworms following application of Carbaryl Insecticide to a Grassland site,Proceeding National Seminar. Organic Waste utilization and Vermicomposting Part 'B' Verms and Vermicomposting,111,121,

[23] Rhee , V. J. A.,,1977,A study on effect of earthworm on orchard productivity,Pedobiologia,17,107,114

[24] Rosciszewska , M.,Lapinski , S.,Borowiec , F.,Popek , W.,Drag , E.,,2003,Relationship between the content of some heavy metals in substrate and their accumulation in the bodies of Dendrobaena octaedra (sav,Chemical Agriculture,4,557,562

[25] Schulman , O. P.,Tuinov , A. V.,,1999,Leaf litter fragmentation by the earthworm Lumbricus terrestris L,,43,453,458

[26] Smejkalova , M.,Mikanova , O.,Boruvka , L.,,2003,Effect of heavy metals concentration on biological activity of soil microorganisms,Plant Soil Environment,49,321,326

[27] Spurgeon , D.J,Hopkin , S. P,,1996,The effect of metal contamination of on earthworm populations around a smelting works: quantifying species effects,Applied Soil Ecology,4,147,160

[28] Steel , R. G.,J. H,,1984,D and Torrie,Principles and procedures of Statistics. McGraw Hill Book Co. Inc., Singapore,,172,178

[29] Surgeon , D. J.,Weels,J. M and Van Gestel , C. A. M,,2003,A summary of eleven years progress in earthworm ecotoxicology,Pedobiologia,47,558,606

[30] VanStraalen , N. M.,Schobben , J. H. M,De-Goede , R. G.,,1989,Population consequences of cadmium toxicity in soil micro arthropods,Ecotoxicology and Environmental safety,17,190,204

[31] Van Hook , R. I,,1974,Cadmium, lead and zinc distributions between earthworms and soils: potentials for biological accumulation,Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology,2,509,512

[32] WHO (WorldHealth Organization.,,1987,Inorganic lead,International 32 Programme on Chemical Safety. (Environmental health criteria 165).,,,

Citations

Downloads

Views