A Case Study in Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd): Combine use of Sunflower Leaf Extract with Nitrogen improve Quinoa Plant Architecture | [Journal of Agriculture and Food • 2025]

Author(s):

1. Nabeel Ahmad Ikram: Department of Agronomy, MNS University of Agriculture Multan, Punjab Pakistan

2. Mudassar Ayub: Department of Agronomy, MNS University of Agriculture Multan, Punjab Pakistan

3. Shahid Iqbal: Institute of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, MNS University of Agriculture Multan, Punjab Pakistan

4. Abid Hussain: Manager Industrial Linkages and Technology Transfer, MNS University of Agriculture Multan,Punjab,Pakistan

5. Khuram Mubeen: Department of Agronomy, MNS University of Agriculture Multan, Punjab Pakistan

6. Abdul Ghaffar: Department of Agronomy, MNS University of Agriculture Multan, Punjab Pakistan

7. Mudassir Aziz: Department of Agronomy, MNS University of Agriculture Multan, Punjab Pakistan

8. Muhammad Asif Shehzad: Institute of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, MNS University of Agriculture Multan, Punjab Pakistan

9. Waseem Hassan: Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, MNS University of Agriculture Multan, Punjab Pakistan

10. Abdul Khaliq: Soil and Water Testing Laboratory, Kotla Ahmad Road, Rajanpur, Punjab, Pakistan

11. M. Naazir Khan Niazi: Technical Education and Vocational Training Authority, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan

12. M. Rohan Naveed: NFC Institute of Engineering and Technology Multan, Punjab, Pakistan

Abstract:

Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) is a climate resilient crop, but grain yield is a complex trait highly effect by excessive vegetative growth. To overcome problem, study was carried out to evaluate the effect of foliar application of sunflower leaf extract as a plant growth retardant of quinoa observe with different nitrogen (N2) levels. Experiment was carried out in randomize complete block design. Main experimental unit included different levels of nitrogen (N1= 50 kg ha-1, N2= 75 kg ha-1 and N3=100 kg ha-1), and sub plots included control (without extract spray and water spray) and sunflower water extract foliar applications of different four concentrations (3%, 6%, 9%, 12%). Foliar application of sunflower leaf water extract and nitrogen application significantly enhanced yield and harvest index of quinoa crop. Maximum seed yield and harvest index was recorded by foliar application of sunflower water extract at 9% under higher dose of nitrogen 100 kg ha-1.There was no harmful impact seen of sunflower water extract on seed quality attributes especially under higher nitrogen regimes. It is therefore concluded that foliar application of sunflower water extract at 9% under higher nitrogen regime improved physiological growth, yield, harvest index and seed quality attributes of quinoa.

Page(s): 1-19

DOI: 10.52587/JAF060101

Published: Journal: Journal of Agriculture and Food, Volume: 6, Issue: 1, Year: 2025

Keywords:

Allelopathy , Physiological growth , Growth retardant

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