The effect of activator ratio and concentration molarity on setting time of geopolymer binder with umeanyar slate stone powder precursor | [ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences • 2025]

Author(s):

1. Ni Kadek Astariani: Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology,Universitas Ngurah Rai,Indonesia

2. I. Gusti Made Sudika: Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology,Universitas Ngurah Rai,Indonesia

3. I. Gusti Ngurah Eka Partama: Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology,Universitas Ngurah Rai,Indonesia

4. Putu Doddy Heka Ardana: Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology,Universitas Ngurah Rai,Indonesia

5. Ni Pt Oktavintika Ayuningtyas: Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology,Universitas Ngurah Rai,Indonesia

Abstract:

In this research, the initial and final setting times will be measured on a geopolymer binder made from Umeanyar slate stone powder. Geopolymer binder is a geosynthetic binder that uses materials that are not derived from cement. The basic material for this binder is obtained from waste from the stone crushing industry in the Jembrana area. So far, this slate stone waste has only been used as a filler for road pavement. To increase the economic value of this waste, in this research, a geopolymer binder will be made with an alkaline activator consisting of sodium silicate (SS) and sodium hydroxide (SH) with varying activator ratios and varying molarity concentrations. There are 3 variations of activator (SS/SH), namely 1:1, 1.5:1, and 2:1, while variations in molarity concentration are 8M, 10M, and 12 M. The fastest initial and final setting time occurred at activator ratio of 2:1 (12 M), namely 136 minutes and 243 minutes.

Page(s): 257-264

DOI: DOI not available

Published: Journal: ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Volume: 20, Issue: 5, Year: 2025

Keywords:

geopolymer , slate stone , setting time , activator , molarity

References:

[1] Ellis L. D.,Badel A. F.,Chiang M. L.,-M. Chiang M. L. .2019 .Toward electrochemical synthesis of cement electrolyzer-based process for decarbonating CaCO 3 while producing useful gas streams. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 201821673(doi) : .

[2] Miryuk O. A. .2019 .The effect of waste on the formation of cement clinker. IOP Conf. Ser.. Mater. Sci. Eng, 510(1) : 1757.

[3] Provis J. L.,Bernal S. A.,Prud'Homme S. A.,Non S. A. .2011 .structural characterization of geomaterial foams - Thermal behavior. J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 12(3) : 715-716.

[4] Tokheim L.-A.,Mathisen A.,Øi L.,Jayarathna C.,Eldrup N.,Gautestad T. .2020 .Combined calcination and CO2 capture in cement clinker production by use of electrical energy. Trondheim CCS Conf. (February, : 1-10.

[5] Dam-johansen K. .2012 .Clinker Burning Kinetics and Mechanism. , : .

[6] Shankar S. S.,Pratheesh H.,Suresh K. .2018 .Burning Zone Temperature Estimation of Rotary Kiln Using Flame Image Analysis in Cement Plants. 2018 Int. CET Conf. Control. Commun. Comput. IC4, 8531041 : 255-259.

[7] Schlorke S. .2020 .The Impact of COVID-19 on the Cement Industry. Int. Financ. Corp., : .

[8] Bonnet C.,Carcanague S.,Hache E.,Jabberi A.,Seck G. S.,Simoen M. .2019 .THE-IMPACT-OF-FUTUREGENERATION-ON-CEMENT-DEMANDjanvier2019. January, : .

[9] Andrew R. M. .2017 .Global CO2 emissions from cement production. September, : 1-52.

[10] Nugraha P. .2007 .Teknologi Beton dari Material Pembuatan ke Beton Kinerja Tinggi. Yogyakarta: CV Andi Offset., : .

[11] Tkachenko N. .2023 .Global database of cement production assets and upstream suppliers. Sci. Data, 10(1) : 1-9.

[12] Davidovits J. .2018 .Properties of Geopolymer Cements. First Int. Conf. Alkaline Cem. Concr. (November, : 131-149.

[13] Davidovits J. .2015 .. , : .

[14] Davidovits J. .1991 .. , 37(8) : 1633-1656.

[15] Davidovits J. .2013 .Geopolymer Cement: A Review. Inst. Geopolymer. (0), : 1-11.

[16] Davidovits J. .2008 .Geopolymer Chemistry and Applications 3rd edition. January, : .

[17] Davidovits J. .2017 .Geopolymers: Ceramic-like inorganic polymers. J. Ceram. Sci. Technol, 8(3) : 335-350.

[18] Adi D.,Farizka R. N.,Lie H. Ay .2018 .Studi Experimental Pengaruh Perbedaan Molaritas Aktivator pada Perilaku Beton Geopolimer Berbahan Dasar Fly Ash. J. Karya Tek. Sipil, 7(1) : 89-98.

[19] Siyal A. A.,Azizli K. A.,Man Z.,Ullah H. .2016 .Effects of Parameters on the Setting Time of Fly AshBased Geopolymers Using the Taguchi Method. , 06 : 302-307.

[20] C. B. Cheah M. H.,Samsudin M.,Ramli W. K.,Part L. E.,Tan L. E. .2017 .The use of high calcium wood ash in the preparation of Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag and Pulverized Fly Ash geopolymers: A complete microstructural and mechanical characterization. J. Clean. Prod., 04 : 114-123.

[21] Choi S.,Kim M. . .Effects of Stone Powder Sludge on the Strength and Microstructure of AlkaliActivated Fly Ash Pastes. , : 3-8.

[22] Samson G.,Cyr M.,Gao X. X. .2017 .Formulation and characterization of blended alkaliactivated materials based on flash-calcined metakaolin, fly ash, and GGBS. , 03 : 50-64.

[23] Arulrajah A.,Kua T. A.,Horpibulsuk S.,Phetchuay C.,Suksiripattanapong C.,Du Y. J. .2016 .Strength and microstructure evaluation of recycled glass-fly ash geopolymer as low-carbon masonry units. Constr. Build. Mater, 03 : 400-406.

[24] A. S. De Vargas D. C. C.,Dal Molin A. C. F.,Vilela F. J. Da,Silva B.,Pavão H.,Veit H. .2011 .The effects of Na2O/SiO2 molar ratio, curing temperature, and age on compressive strength, morphology, and microstructure of alkali-activated fly ash-based geopolymers. Cem. Concr. Compos, 03(6) : 653-660.

[25] Luga E.,Atis C. D.,Karahan O.,Ilkentapar S.,Gorur E. B. .2015 .Strength properties of slag/fly ash blends activated with sodium metasilicate. Gradjevinar, 69(3) : 199-205.

[26] Bakharev T. .2004 .Geopolymeric materials prepared using Class F fly ash and elevated temperature curing. Cem. Concr. Res, 06(6) : 1224-1232.

[27] Asif A.,Man Z.,Azizli K. A.,Hamidi R. M. .2014 .Effect of Alkali and Water Content on Setting Time and Strength of Fly Ash-Based Geopolymer. , 699 : 93-98.

[28] Wan-En O.,Yun-Ming L.,Li-Ngee H.,Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah M.,Shee-Ween O. .2020 .The Effect of Sodium Carbonate on the Fresh and Hardened Properties of Fly Ash-Based One-Part Geopolymer. IOP Conf. Ser.. Mater. Sci. Eng, 864(1) : 1757.

[29] Hui-Teng N. .2021 .Formulation, mechanical properties, and phase analysis of fly ash geopolymer with ladle furnace slag replacement. J. Mater. Res. Technol, 03 : 1212-1226.

[30] Lin W. Y.,Prabhakar A. K.,Mohan B. C.,Wang C. H. .2019 .A factorial experimental analysis of using wood fly ash as an alkaline activator along with coal fly ash for the production of geopolymercementitious hybrids. Sci. Total Environ, 135289 : .

[31] Geopolimer D. .2015 .Pemanfaatan pozzolan sebagai bahan dasar geopolimer. , 4(1) : 1-6.

[32] Sutama A.,Saggaff A.,Saloma S.,Hanafiah H. .2019 .Properties and Microstructural Characteristics of Lightweight Geopolymer Concrete with Fly Ash and Kaolin. Int. J. Sci. Technol. Res, 8(7) : 57-64.

[33] Merabtene M.,Kacimi L.,Clastres P. .2019 .Elaboration of geopolymer binders from poor kaolin and dam sludge waste. Heliyon, 5(6) : .

[34] Shamala R.,Mohd M. A. B. A.,Kamarudin H.,Yue H.,Jin W. .2019 .Improvement of kaolin-based geopolymer-coated wood substrates for use in NaOH molarity. Mater. Sci. Forum, 967 : 241-249.

[35] Shahedan N. F. .2016 .Adhesion study of kaolin and white clay as source materials on non-metallic substrate in geopolymer coating. Mater. Sci. Forum, : .

[36] SNI .2015 .SNI Semen Portland. , : 147.

[37] R. M. Kaloari A.,Haris A. .2016 .Synthesis of geopolymer paste as a coating material based on kaolinite and rice husk ash. Mater. Sci. Forum, 841 : 79-82.

[38] Tchakouté H. K.,Rüscher C. H.,Kong S.,Kamseu E.,Leonelli C. .2016 .Geopolymer binders from metakaolin using sodium waterglass from waste glass and rice husk ash as alternative activators: A comparative study. Constr. Build. Mater, 03 : 276-289.

[39] Subekti S. .2017 .Review: Potential strength of fly ash-based geopolymer paste with substitution of local waste materials with higher temperature effect. IOP Conf. Ser.. Mater. Sci. Eng, 267(1) : 1757.

[40] Sahana R. .2013 .Setting Time, Compressive Strength, and Microstructure of Geopolymer Paste. Int. J. Innov. Res. Sci. 2, (1) : 311-316.

[41] Astariani N. K.,Salain I. M. A. K.,Sutarja I. N.,Widiarsa I. B. R. .2021 .Mechanical properties and microstructure of geopolymer binder based on Umeanyar slatestone powder. Civ. Eng. Archit, 090604(6) : 1698-1716.

[42] Astariani N. K.,Salain I. M. A. K.,Sutarja I. N.,Widiarsa I. B. R. .2021 .Effect of Alkaline Activator Ratio on Porosity of Geopolymer Binder Based on Umeanyar Slate Stone Powder. Int. J. Eng. Emerg. Technol, 6(2) : 1-5.

[43] Astariani N. K.,Salain I. M. A. K.,Sutarja I. N.,Widiarsa I. B. R. .2021 .Setting the time of the geopolymer binder based on Umeanyar slate stone powder. IOP Conf. Ser.. Earth Environ. Sci, 871(1) : .

[44] Mohamed O. A.,Najm O.,Zuaiter H. A.,Saleem S. K.,Ivak S.,Al-Aribe K. .2024 .Effect of activator concentration on setting time, workability, and compressive strength of sustainable concrete with alkali-activated slag binder. Mater. Today Proceedings, 04 : .

[45] Kubba Z. .2018 .Impact of curing temperatures and alkaline activators on compressive strength and porosity of ternary blended geopolymer mortars. Case Study. Constr. Mater, 9 : .

[46] Antoni S. W.,Wijaya D.,Hardjito D. .2016 .Factors affecting the setting time of fly ash-based geopolymer. Mater. Sci. Forum, 841 : 90-97.

Citations

Downloads

Views