The effectiveness of carbon dioxide and nitrogen on different developmental stages of cadra cautella (Lepidoptera: pyralidae) | [Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Sciences • 2017]

Author(s):

1. Khawaja Ghulam Rasool: Economic Entomology Research Unit, Plant Protection Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University,P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451,Saudi Arabia

2. Mureed Husain: Economic Entomology Research Unit, Plant Protection Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University,P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451,Saudi Arabia

3. Khalid Mehmood: Economic Entomology Research Unit, Plant Protection Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University,P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451,Saudi Arabia

4. Sukirno Sukirno: Economic Entomology Research Unit, Plant Protection Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University,P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451,Saudi Arabia

5. Muhammad Tufail: Economic Entomology Research Unit, Plant Protection Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University,P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451,Saudi Arabia

6. Abdullah M.A. Alhamdan: Chair of Dates Industry & Technology, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University,P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451,Saudi Arabia

7. Abdulrahman S. Aldawood: Economic Entomology Research Unit, Plant Protection Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University,P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451,Saudi Arabia

Abstract:

The efficacy of CO2 and N2 gases alone or in a mixture was tested against eggs, larvae, and pupae of the almond moth, Cadra cautella, a major date fruit pest, under temperature regimes of 5°C and 25°C. Our results indicated that exposing different stages to higher concentrations of CO2 significantly affected egg hatchability, larval mortality, and pupal mortality as compared to 100% N2 gas, at both temperature regimes. Application of CO2 at lower doses (below 50%) did not give 100% mortality of any developmental stage even at longer exposure timings. However, treatments at higher doses (75 and 100% CO2) were effective at 24 h and longer treatment duration. The application of 100% N2 did not effectively control C. cautella. Of all the stages, the larvae of C. cautella were most susceptible to the gases. Our results indicated that temperature has a significant effect on the efficacy of gases or their combinations tested after an exposure of 48 h and longer. Based on current findings, we conclude that CO2 gas is a good candidate for successful control of C. cautella immature stages under storage conditions and can be a potential alternative to highly toxic methyl bromide.

Page(s): 731-736

DOI: 10.21162/PAKJAS/17.4085

Published: Journal: Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Volume: 54, Issue: 4, Year: 2017

Keywords:

Packaging , modified atmosphere , almond moth , Cadra cautella , Methyl bromide

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