Abstract:
Kidney stones may develop due to excessive kidney oxalate, calcium, phosphate, or low fluid intake. Plant-origin foods contain oxalate, including fruits, vegetables, nuts, legumes, and grains. Humans lack the enzyme necessary to break down dietary and endogenous oxalate, which can lead to oxalate buildup in the body and conditions including calcium oxalate urolithiasis and hyperoxaluria. When there is hyperoxaluria, the body's stored oxalate can be eliminated by faeces, insoluble calcium oxalate, and urine excretion. Gastrointestinal tract microbes can also break down oxalates. Oxalate stones may develop if one of these mechanisms is disrupted. By degrading dietary oxalate in their host, probiotics can prevent hyperoxaluria and preserve the homeostasis of oxalic acid. In this context, species of Oxalobacterformigenes, Lactobacillus, and Bifidobacterium are taken into consideration. Oxalyl-CoA decarboxylase (Oxc) and formyl-CoA transferase are catabolic enzymes expressed by oxalate-degrading bacteria found in the gastrointestinal tract. On the genomes, the genes that code for these proteins are grouped and share a similar evolutionary history. It is believed that those lacking this bacterium have increased oxalate intestine absorption, increasing urine oxalate concentration and the risk of calcium oxalate urolithiasis. Treatment for calcium oxalate stone disease may involve administering probiotics, such as Oxalobacterformigenes bacteria or an analogue of oxalyl-CoA decarboxylase, to the digestive system. Numerous research using animal models demonstrate how O. formigenes reduces urinary oxalates without producing any harmful effects, antibodies, or histopathological conditions. The bacteria can be cultivated in oxalate-containing media, and reverse-phased HPLC can be used to assess the bacteria's in vitro oxalate degradation capacity. Further research is required to determine whether exists a direct link between the hyperoxaluria & lack of bacteria involved in degrading oxalate and whether their absence is a risk factor.
Page(s):
199-199
DOI:
DOI not available
Published:
Journal: Abstract Book on Global Science Technology and Management Conference, Volume: 0, Issue: 0, Year: 2023
Keywords:
homeostasis
,
Kidney stones
,
Gastrointestinal tract
,
Histopathological condition