Abstract:
Climate is noticeably changing because of several natural and anthropogenic causes i.e. deforestation, the use of fossil fuels, emission of CFCs, etc. consequently, it is disturbing the natural settings of the environment including glacial lake outburst floods, flash floods, cloud bursts, etc. Likewise, the sea level is also rising. The sea level is rising because of thermal expansion when water expands after getting warm in the ocean and the melting of glaciers. These changes in sea levels result in coastal morphological changes over time. In this context, Karachi is selected as a study area for the present research. Karachi Port and Port Muhammad Bin Qasim are the busiest port in Pakistan. For the study purpose, sea level data is obtained from National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Tides, Currents, and coastal morphological changes are digitized in Google Earth with the help of a historical timeline. The result shows that the sea level is rising at a rate of about 0.02 mm/year from 1916 to 2016 and 0.0032 mm/year from 1916 to 2016, 2020. Coastal morphological changes are identified in the Southern Karachi coast (accretion) and Eastern Karachi (erosion). NDWI also performed on satellite images for better assumption to detect a diference between 2000 and 2021 and the result shows the diference in the Southern Karachi coast and near Goth Manjar. These slow morphological changes are important to study for sustainable development in coastal areas
Page(s):
81-88
DOI:
DOI not available
Published:
Journal: Proceedings of the Pakistan Academy of Sciences: A. Physical and Computational Sciences, Volume: 59, Issue: 2, Year: 2022
Keywords:
Morphology
,
erosion
,
Karachi port
,
Rising Sea Level
,
Accretion
,
Coastal mapping