Abstract:
To translate the Children's Behavior Questionnaire-very short (CBQ) form into Urdu language and to establish its psychometric properties. 2- To study gender differences in three dimensions of temperament namely, effortful control, negative affect, and surgency. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted with 279 mothers (working and non-working) and their children (3-7 years; boys = 138, girls = 141) in Rawalpindi, Pakistan. CBQ-very short form was translated into the Urdu language as per the standard procedure.2 Translated scale was given to mothers and available fathers to rate their children on temperament. To establish cross-language validation 13 mothers were given both original English CBQ-very short form and translated version with a gap of two months, and then translated version again after two months. To study gender differences in three dimensions of temperament between boys and girls (boys = 138, girls = 141) one way ANOVA was run. Results: Results indicated high Cronbach's alpha reliability a = .80 (total) and .61to .81 for its subscales, high to satisfactory cross language validation (test-retest reliability) r =.64* to .86** (p < .05 & .01), and high inter-rater reliability between fathers and mothers r = .38* to .82** (p < .05 & .01). The item-total correlations of subscales were also satisfactory. Findings showed that the Urdu version of CBQ is highly reliable and valid to be used with Pakistani Children (3-8 years). In addition, we found significant gender differences in effortful control, with girls being high on effortful control as compared to boys. Conclusion: The study revealed CBQ-very short form- Urdu version as a reliable and consistent measure of children's temperament (3-7years) in Pakistani culture. Findings also support earlier evidence that girls show a higher score on effortful control as compared to their counterparts.
Keywords:
Gender Differences
,
Temperament
,
CBQ
,
Urdu version