Abstract:
The strategic deployment of novel plant genetic resources is increasingly recognized as a cornerstone in addressing the interlinked challenges of global food security, climate change adaptation, and sustainable agricultural development. Genetic narrowing in modern commercial cultivars through extensive breeding and monoculture has drawn attention to underutilized species, wild relatives, landraces, and native plants for systematic exploration. These genetic reserves carry novel alleles with different resistance responses to biotic and abiotic stresses, improved nutritional status, and phenotypic plasticity that is expressed under extreme environmental conditions. Recent advancements in molecular genetics, high-throughput genomics, and precision biotechnology have significantly expedited the identification, functional annotation, and introgression of beneficial traits. Certain techniques such as genome-wide association studies (GWAS), marker- assisted selection (MAS), genomic selection (GS), and CRISPR-Cas- mediated editing of the genome will make it possible for elite germplasm to be enhanced targeting specific genes to produce cultivars with a better yield potential, stress resilience and nutritional quality. The integration of multi-omics approaches such as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics can give a holistic view of complex trait architecture and regulatory networks, leading to a fine- scale dissection of genotype-environment interactions. The systems biology perspective will further mainstream the expansion of crops' genetic bases while reducing vulnerability to the new emergence of pathogens, pests, and extremes of climate. On top of that, the careful application of new genetic diversity sustains agrobiodiversity conservation and enables ecologically sustainable and socially equitable food systems. Multidisciplinary collaborations among molecular biologists, plant breeders, conservationists, and policymakers are imperative for the establishment of dynamic conservation frameworks and equitable access to genetic resources. Other important integrative strategies are critical to engineer resilient cropping systems to sustain future global food production.
Page(s):
7-7
DOI:
DOI not available
Published:
Journal: 4th International Conference of Sciences “Revamped Scientific Outlook of 21st Century, 2025” , November 12,2025, Volume: 1, Issue: 1, Year: 2025
Keywords:
Stress responses
,
Plant genetic resources
,
Dynamic conservation
,
Integration of multiomics
,
Precision biotechnology