A cross-sectional study on urinary tract infections as a gateway to chronic kidney disease | [Rawal Medical Journal • 2025]

Author(s):

1. Nazeef Ur Rehman: Department Emergency Medicine, Civil Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan

2. Soobia Pathan: Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Liaquat Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, LUMHS, Thatta (Sindh), Pakistan

3. Tallat Naz: Department of Physiology, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan

4. Madiha Niamat: Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Liaquat Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, LUMHS, Thatta (Sindh), Pakistan

5. Ehsan Sattar: Department of Pathology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan

6. Mohammad Shakeel: Department of Emergency Medicine, New Lasani Medical Complex, Taxilla, Pakistan

Abstract:

Objective: To determine the impact which urinary tract infections (UTIs) have as renal disease contributors for chronic kidney disease (CKD) through combined analysis of nephron-pathological damage markers alongside biomarkers of inflammation. Methodology: This retrospective study was carried out at Shaikh Zayed Hospital, Lahore, from April - June 2023. It included two groups of participants who had early-stage CKD because of UTIs (n=70) and healthy subjects (n=20). The study evaluated clinical outcomes by measuring serum creatinine, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), urine protein and inflammatory biomarkers, including C-reactive protein (CRP) and IL6. The analysis was conducted with SPSS 26.0 which used independent T-tests and Pearson correlation. Results: Mean age of participants was 52.3 years with 56 (62%) women. Serum creatinine levels in subjects with both UTIs and early CKD reached 1.8±0.4 mg/dL while their eGFR declined to 68.5±9.2 mL/min/1.73m² and urinary protein levels increased to 273±35 mg/day. Inflammatory biomarkers, including CRP (11.6±2.3 mg/L) and IL-6 (18.2±4.5 pg/mL), were significantly higher in UTI patients compared to healthy controls (CRP: 4.2±1.1 mg/L, IL-6: 7.1±2.3 pg/mL, p<0.001). The occurrence of UTI was linked to the reduction of renal function (r=0.63, p<0.05). Conclusion: The inflammatory biomarkers prove val-uable for prompt disease detection together with risk level determination among affected patients. Additional research must establish these findings while building protocols to use precision diagnostics in clinical sett-ings.

Page(s): 267-269

DOI: DOI not available

Published: Journal: Rawal Medical Journal, Volume: 50, Issue: 2, Year: 2025

Keywords:

Chronic kidney disease , biomarkers , Urinary Tract Infections , nephronpathology , precision diagnosis , renal inflammation

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