Abstract:
Arthropod-borne diseases (ABDs) and vector-borne zoonoses are complex and intertwined health threats that involve the transmission of pathogens between arthropod vectors, animals, and humans. The interactions and implications of ABDs and vector-borne zoonoses, emphasizing the shared ecological and epidemiological factors that contribute to their transmission and highlighting the challenges and strategies for their prevention and control. ABDs and vector-borne zoonoses are often caused by similar pathogens, such as viruses, bacteria, and parasites, which can be transmitted by common vector species, including mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Zoonotic pathogens maintain a natural reservoir in animal hosts, and their transmission to humans occurs through the bite of infected vectors. This close relationship between arthropods, animals, and humans underscores the significance of the One Health approach in addressing these diseases. The interconnectedness of ecosystems and the increasing interface between humans, domestic animals, and wildlife play a crucial role in the transmission dynamics of ABDs and vector-borne zoonoses. Environmental factors, land-use changes, and human activities influence vector populations, alter wildlife habitats, and promote interactions between humans and infected animals, thereby facilitating the spillover of zoonotic pathogens. Understanding these complex interactions is vital for effective surveillance, prevention, and control strategies. The shared epidemiological factors of ABDs and vector-borne zoonoses necessitate integrated surveillance systems and collaborative efforts between human health, animal health, and environmental sectors. Early detection and surveillance of vectors, animal reservoirs, and human cases are essential for timely interventions. Cross-sectoral data sharing, communication, and coordination are crucial for detecting outbreaks, identifying high-risk areas, and implementing targeted control measures. Prevention and control strategies for ABDs and vector-borne zoonoses involve a multi-faceted approach. Vector control measures, such as insecticide-treated bed nets, insecticide spraying, and environmental management, are essential in reducing vector populations and interrupting transmission. Vaccination of domestic animals, wildlife management, and public health education also play significant roles in preventing zoonotic transmission. Collaboration between human and veterinary health sectors is crucial for effective prevention and control efforts. Challenges include the emergence of new pathogens, vector and host adaptation, and the impacts of climate change on disease distribution. Additionally, the complex socio-economic factors and cultural practices surrounding animal husbandry, wildlife conservation, and human behavior need to be addressed for successful prevention and control.
Page(s):
403-403
DOI:
DOI not available
Published:
Journal: Abstract Book on International Conference on Food and Applied Sciences (ICFAS-23) 3-5 August 23, Volume: 0, Issue: 0, Year: 2023