Adapting agriculture: strategic crop responses and mitigation to climate shifts - an updated review | [Pakistan Journal of Botany • 2025]

Author(s):

1. HAFSA SALEEM: Department of Bioinformatics and Biosciences, Capital University of Science and Technology,Islamabad,Pakistan

2. SOHAIL AHMAD JAN: Department of Bioinformatics and Biosciences, Capital University of Science and Technology,Islamabad,Pakistan

3. ZABTA KHAN SHINWARI: Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan;Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science and Technology, Karachi , Pakistan

4. AFNAN KHAN SHINWARI: Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University,Islamabad,Pakistan

5. AISHA ISRAR: Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University,Islamabad,Pakistan

6. ARSHAD IQBAL: Center for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat,Khyber Pakhtunkhwa,Pakistan

7. ZAHID HUSSAIN: Center for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat,Khyber Pakhtunkhwa,Pakistan

Abstract:

Climate change is a major environmental issue that humanity is currently confronting, influenced by both natural and human actions. As a result of substantial changes to the atmosphere's composition brought about by industrialization, overuse of land, deforestation, and the heavy reliance on fossil fuels, greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions have increased. Changes in weather patterns, an increase in temperature, and an intensification of extreme weather events including storms, floods, and droughts have all been brought about by this phenomenon. An industry that depends heavily on climate stability, agriculture, is especially susceptible to these shifts. Crop growth, productivity, and food security are already being impacted by changes in temperature, rainfall, and water availability. These issues will only get worse as global temperatures rise, having serious consequences for both poor and developed countries. There is still a lack of thorough, integrative methods that integrate physiological, genetic, and agronomic viewpoints to create holistic adaptation strategies, despite the increasing amount of research on the effects of climate change and crop adaptation techniques. This review aims to present a thorough analysis of the effects of climate change on crop adaptations, pinpoint knowledge gaps that currently exist, and to highlight the use of novel breeding and biotechnology techniques to mitigate the current climate change. The goal is to investigate technical developments, creative farming techniques, and physiological adaptations in crops that can support agricultural output and guarantee food security in a changing environment. This review aspires to fill in the gaps by providing practical advice that farmers, researchers, and policymakers may use to implement efficient mitigation solutions locally and globally.

Page(s): 1581-1585

DOI: 10.30848/PJB2025-4(37)

Published: Journal: Pakistan Journal of Botany, Volume: 57, Issue: 4, Year: 2025

Keywords:

Climate change , Agriculture , Mitigation Strategies , Weather pattern , Crop adaptation

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