Abstract:
Unmanaged agricultural land can cause erosion, reduce soil fertility and health and reduce crop production and quality. Low external input on sustainable agriculture (LEISA) technology impacted improvements in the physical, biological properties of the soil, impacted on reducing the soil erosion and soil health. The objective of this research was to improve the health of cultivated land through the application of the LEISA system. Experimental land with a planting area of 2 ha was divided into 4 experimental blocks and cultivation was carried out on these blocks. The cultivation treatments were: fertilizing using compost and bio-urine, fertilizing using compost plus NPK fertilizer and fertilizing using NPK fertilizer. Land conservation parameters include observations of infiltration rate, surface runoff, and erosion due to annual rainfall, land health parameters include changes in soil physical properties: porosity, gravity water and water holding capacity, soil chemical properties parameters: the content of macro and micronutrients, cation exchange capacity, pH, organic matter and ratio C/N. The compost and bio-urine and compost plus NPK fertilizer were able to increase porosity and water holding capacity by: 2.15-2.63, 0.86-1.58 and 1.231.78%/year, respectively. The compost and bio-urine and compost plus NPK fertilizer were able to increase organic matter, macronutrients, micronutrients, cation exchange, and microbial populations in the soil in the root zone namely 0.260.72%/year, 0.17-0.50%/year, 0.092-0.11%/year, 0.28-0.80 me/100g soil/year and 1.2-1.8 log CFU/year, respectively. The average rainfall of 222 ± 2 cm/year has an impact on surface runoff for cultivation treatment with compost and bio-urine, compost plus NPK fertilizer and NPK fertilizer systems, respectively: 48.2, 58.4 and 68.67 cm/year. Surface runoff has an impact on the erosion of 12.16-22.78 tons/ha/year, 20.83-31.24 tons/ha/year and 24.23-36.35 tons/year. The application of the LEISA system has a positive impact on the conservation and restoration of citrus cultivation areas.
Keywords:
compost
,
erosion
,
Nutrients
,
surface runoff
,
LEISA