Toxoplasma gondii: An extract of its experimental trials of vaccination using potential vaccine candidates against toxoplasmosis (review). | [Science International • 2014]

Author(s):

1. Habibun Nabi: Department of Parasitology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan

2. Muhammad Imran Rashid: Department of Parasitology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan

3. Haroon Akbar: Department of Parasitology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan

4. Rahim Gul: Department of Parasitology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan

Abstract:

Toxoplasma gondii is an Apicomplexan protozoan parasite which was first reported by Manceoux and Nicolle in rodents in Africa in 1906. It has a complex life cycle unlike other Apicomplexans and can transmit from one intermediate host to the other either horizontally or vertically. In intermediate host, it exists as tachyzoitesand bradyzoites which are inter-convertible. Upon ingestion of contaminated meat containing tissue cyst,bradyzoites are released inside stomach. Resistant bradyzoites invade cells via small intestine change to tachyzoite form and trigger host immune response. Due to its ease in transmitting from one intermediate host to the other, it is highly pathogenic. Inside hosts it can evade from host immune system by modulating host cells and attain the ability to replicate inside host cell. Toxoplasmosis is very important in immune-compromised persons and pregnant women, where it can causes abortion and birth defects. There is no vaccine available in human to control toxoplasmosis. Live attenuated vaccine is available in sheep to control it but it is not safe to use in human because of the risk of its reversion to pathogenic one. Thus it is very necessary to identify different candidates of vaccine for its vaccine development. Developing an effective vaccine for humans is evitable. This review highlights up-to-date vaccinecanditates used so far in vaccination trials in animal models.

Page(s): 287-292

DOI: DOI not available

Published: Journal: Science International, Volume: 26, Issue: 1, Year: 2014

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