Zimmermann Real-time Transport Protocol for Hierarchical Keys Generation of Encrypted Scalable Video Streaming. | Pakistan Journal of Science 2017

Author(s)

MN Asghar Department of Computer Science and Information Technology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Punjab, Pakistan

H Majid Department of Computer Science and Information Technology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Punjab, Pakistan

R Kausar Department of Computer Science and Information Technology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Punjab, Pakistan

IS Bajwa Department of Computer Science and Information Technology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Punjab, Pakistan

M Fleury School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, University of Essex, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, UK

Abstract

Effective key management has been a fundamental prelude before encryption of single-layer video streams in the public Internet. In addition to single-layer video, multi-layer video can provide scalable on-demand video streaming, especially within a mobile network. The objective of the proposed mechanism was to reduce the number of keys exchanged for setting up an encrypted scalable video stream. The method proposed had access to the highest enhancement layer to which users were entitled, together with access to all layers below down to the base layer. A low-latency key exchange mechanism i.e. Zimmermann Real-time Transport Protocol (ZRTP) was used for the hierarchical keys? generation of scalable video in conjunction with an in-house form of selective encryption. The results confirmed that the keys? generation time was reduced by 7 µs than the previous techniques. It was also concluded from the results that the selective encryption method was decoder compatible and produced zero bit-rate overhead.

Publication Details

Page(s) 110-118

DOI DOI not available

Published Journal: Pakistan Journal of Science, Volume: 69, Issue: 1, Year: 2017

Keywords

Keywords are not available for this article.

References

Abu-Zahra , A.,Z.Shahid,A.Rattrout,W.Puech, 2010.Independent protection of different layers in spatially scalable video coding, 10 240 -246

Adams , C.,S.Lloyd,Inc, 2002.Addison-Wesley Longman Publishing Co, 0672323915 -

Arkko , J.,E.Carrara,L.Lindholm,M.Naslund,K.Norrman, 2004.MIKEY: Multimedia Internet KEYing, IETF, 3830 -

AsgharM. N.,M.Fleury,S. Makki, 2016.Interoperable conditional access with video selective encryption for portable devices,Multimedia Tools and Applications. DOI 10.1007/s11042- 016-3725-3 1 -14

Asghar , M. N.,Ghanbari, 2012.MIKEY for keys management of H.264 scalable video coded layers,J. of King Saud Univ. - Computer Info. Sci. 24 107 -116

Asghar , M. N.,M.Ghanbari,M.Fleury,Reed, 2014a.,Sufficient encryption based on entropy coding syntax elements of H.264/SVC, Multimedia Tools and Applications 73 10215 -10241

Asghar , M. N.,M.Ghanbari,M.Fleury,M., .Reed (2014b). Confidentiality of a selectively encrypted H.264 coded video bit-stream,J. of Visual Commun. and Image Representation 25 487 -498

Baugher , M.,D.McGrew,M.Naslund,K.Norrman, 2004.The Secure Real-time Transport Protocol (SRTP), IETF, 3711 -

Blokowski , G.,R.Steinmetz,J.Sel, 1996.A media synchronization survey: Reference model, specification, and case studies, IEEE, 14 3 -35

Blom , R.,E.Carrara,F.Lindholm,K.Norrman,Näslund,B.Furht,D.Kirovski, 2005.Key management and protection for IP multimedia, 169 -196

Deng , R. H.,X.Ding,Y.Wu,Z.Wei, 2014.Efficient block-based transparent encryption of H.264/SVC bitstreams,Multimedia Systems 20 165 -178

Fan , M.,C.Yuan,Y.Zhang, 2010.An efficient hierarchical key management of H,in Proc. of IEEE Int. Conf. on Intelligent Computing and Intelligent Syst 757 -760

Federal, 2001.Information processing standards publication 197, Advanced Encryption Standard (AES, -

Ghanbari , M., 2003.Standard codecs: Image compression to advanced video coding, -

Helle , P.,M.Siekmann,Stegemann, 2013.A scalable video coding extension of HEVC, in Proc of Data Compression Conf, 201 -210

Hlavacs , H., W.,Gansterer , H.,Schabauer , J.,Zottl , M.,Petrashek , T.,Hoeher , and O.,Jung, 2009.Enhancing ZRTP by using computational puzzles,Int. J. of Universal Comput. Sci. 14 693 -716

Hong , D.,J.Wonkap,Boyce, 2012.Scalability support in HEVC,in Proc. of IEEE Int. Symp. on Circuits Syst. 890 -893

Kolesnikov , V.,V.Gurbani, 2015.Efficient key management system and method, Patent no,US9106628 B2. -

Lian , S., 2008.Digital rights management for the home TV based on scalable video coding,” IEEE Trans. Consumer Electron 54 1287 -1293

Li , C.,X.Zhou,Y.Zong, 2009.Layered encryption for scalable video coding,”,in Proc. IEEE Conf. Image Signal Process., 1-4. -

Park , S. W.,D.Yi,S. U., 2008.Shin (2008a). A practical key management scheme using the frame based features for layered access control of H.264/SVC,Proc. of Int. Symp. Info. Theory and its Applications 4895406 -

Park , S. W., 2008b.Efficient selective encryption scheme for the H.264/Scalable Video Coding (SVC),in Proc. of IEEE Int. Conf. on Networked Computing and Advanced Info. Management 371 376 -

Rosenblatt , W.,S.Mooney,TBooks, 2003.Digital rights management: Business and technology, -

Schwarz , H., D.,Marpe , and T.,Wiegand, 2007.Overview of the scalable video coding extension of the H. 264/AVC standard,IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol 17 1103 -1120

Siqi. L.,W.Wenbo,C.Qingfeng, 2015.Formal Analysis of the Real-time Multimedia Network Protocol ZRTP, Recent Advances in Electrical & Electronic Engineering (Formerly Recent Patents on Electrical, 8 12 -17

Stütz , T.,A. Uhl., 2012.A survey of H.264 AVC/SVC encryption,IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol 22 325 -339

Unterwager , A.,A . Uhl, 2014.Slice groups for postcompression region of interest encryption in H.264/AVC and its scalable extension,Signal Processing: Image Commun. 29 1158 -1170

Zimmermann , P.,A.Johnston,Callas, 2011.ZRTP: Media path key agreement for unicast secure RTP, IETF, 6189 -

Citations

Citations are not available for this document.